Hello! I\'m in a chemistry/physio course and I have some learning difficulties.

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Hello!

I'm in a chemistry/physio course and I have some learning difficulties. I am eager to learn and any help is greatly greatly greatly appreciated!! I realize that it is ubsurd to post this entire question all at once and ask for help. I apologize in advance for this !

5.2 Effect of Water Intake or Loss on Body Fluid Osmolality 1.Your patient drinks 1000 ml of water. Absorption of this volume has two effects. It increases the ECF volume and decreases the ECF osmolality (osmolarity). Assume your patient had a total body volume of 42L, an ECF volume of 14L and a plasma volume of 3L prior to comsumption of water. Further assume an initial average osmolality of 300 mOsm. Calculate the change in fluid osmolality of plasma if the 1000 ml remains within the vascular space. Calculate the new osmolality as a percent of the initial plasma osmolality. (Assume the water is absorbed and distributed prior to any renal excretion.) Calculate the change in fluid osmolality of ECF if the 1000 ml is distributed throughout the extracellular volume (plasma and interstitial fluid). Calculate the new osmolality as a percent of the initial plasma osmolality. (Assume the water is absorbed and distributed prior to any renal excretion.) Calculate the change in fluid osmolality if the 1000 ml is distributed throughout the tota body volume. Calculate the new osmolality as a percent of the initial plasma osmolality (Assume the water is absorbed and distributed prior to any renal excretion.) 2. A lost hiker is found wandering in Joshua Tree National Park. He reports that he was lost for two days; he spent most of his time sitting in the shade. He had only two liters of water when he departed his campsite 48 hours previous to being found. He lost about 4 liters of water per day due to evaporative water loss (respiration and sweat) but drank only two liters of water. Calculate the water loss and its effect on average osmolality of body fluids. (Assume your patient has a total body volume of 42L, an ECF volume of 14L and a plasma volume of 3L. Further assume average osmolality of 300 mOsm; the loss of water was distributed among all fluid compartments.) 3. Calculate the change in fluid osmolality if the hiker had not taken water with him and h lost 4L per day while siting in the shade. Biology 12, Human Physiology Laboratory, Chemistry Supplement 4.Calculate the change in fluid osmolality if the hiker had not taken water and had lost 8L per day because he walked around in the heat of the day instead of resting in the shade.

Explanation / Answer

1.

We have the simple mathematics problem given.

Total body volume = 42L

ECF volume = 14L

Plasma Volume = 3L

We will take average osmolarity as 300 mOsm

Osmolarity = 3L * 300 mOsm/ 4L = 225 mOsm

% change in Osmolarity = 225/300 = 0.75 = 75%

Osmolarity = 14L * 300 mOsm/ 15L = 280 mOsm

% change in Osmolarity = 280/300 = 0.93 = 93%

Osmolarity = 42L * 300 mOsm/ 43L = 293.02 mOsm

% change in Osmolarity = 293.02/300 = 0.976 = 97.6%

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