17. What kind of microbe causes malaria? How is it transmitted? What are common

Question

17. What kind of microbe causes malaria? How is it transmitted? What are common prevention measures used? Where in the world is it endemic? How is it treated?

Where does the life cycle of Plasmodium take place? How does this make it difficult to treat?

18. Choose cellular structures in the following microbes that could be selectively targeted by antimicrobial drugs: fungi, protozoa, bacteria.

19. Explain why antibiotics are not effective against viruses. If an antibiotic targets 70 S ribosomes, will it only affect bacteria? Explain. (What side effects might you expect to see?) If an antibiotic targets peptidoglycan, what kind of microbe will it affect most?

20. Would you expect to see more or less side-effects in a patient taking anti-fungal medication compared to antibiotics? Support your opinion.

21. Are viruses alive or not? Support your opinion.

Explanation / Answer

17)

Malaria is caused by a Protist called Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium falciparum. The common preventions used are using mosquito nets and mosquito repellents, etc. Malaria is endemic in several continents, like Africa, south Asia and middle East, etc. It is treated by using several drugs, like          

The life cycle of begins when an infected Anopheles mosquito bites a person, injecting Plasmodium parasites, in the form of asexual sporozoites into the bloodstream. The life of Plasmodium, take place in Liver cells and RBC (blood) in humans and stomach wall of mosquito.

18)

19)

The antibiotics are not effective against viruses, because viruses are non-living and acellular particles.

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