Need all answers for number 1 and 4 please Lab Questions 1. Why does the o-isome

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Need all answers for number 1 and 4 please

Lab Questions 1. Why does the o-isomer steam distill but not the p-isomer? Answer in terms of intramolecular and intermolecular H- ring. Remember that the oxygen stoms of the nitro groups have partial bonding between the 2 groups on the benzene negative charges. 2. If the reactant had been phenetole (shown), instead of phenol, predict whether you would be able to separate the ortho and para isomers by steam distillation. Explain your reasoning. fdup is missing. Sa one rannat. 'oree with intmn olerto, hyd109en bonding betufen the nif‘. As a seju I beth mpo unds are non- volatile 3. Would you be able to differentiate a sample of o-nitrophenol from a sample of p-nitrophenol on the basis of their PMR spectra? Explain why or why not. Yes you ace able t differentiate othe paia isomers. I ortho one must have four signals frauje all H are Far the poro isomer one wal only he j Valuable information on organic molecules can often be obtained from specialty chemical suppliers such as Sigma- in ols (each sign at for 4. Aldrich. Visit their web site and gather information as follows: a. Go to the Sigma-Aldrich web site at http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Area of Interest/The_Americas/ United States.html b. go to "Search" box (top right corner) c. In the box type "nitrophenol" and click "search" d. Click on the"" symbol to see the different grades available e. Record the bp, mp, water solubility, and CAS (Registry) Number of both nitrophenols Note: The CAS Registry is the largest and most current database of chemical substance information in the world. It contains more than 27 million organic and inorganic substances. Each CAS Registry Number is a unique numeric identifier (like a chemical's SS) designates only one substance · has no chemical significance .is a link to a wealth of information about a specific chemical substance

Explanation / Answer

1. o-nitrophenol forms strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding while p-nitrophenol can able to form strong intermolecular H-bonding. The presence of intermolecular hydrogen bond enhances the strong association of the molecules and resulted in the low vapour pressure for the para isomer. But the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in ortho isomer does not affect the association of the molecules which leads higher vapour pressure.

Hence the boiling point of para isomer will be higher than ortho isomer. So due to the high vapour pressure, o-isomer can be steam distilled.

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