Part H Use the electron configurations to explain the differences between your a

Question

Part H Use the electron configurations to explain the differences between your answers to Parts F and G.

Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. Make certain each sentence is complete before submitting your answer.

Choices:

S, 3, harder, right, 2, left, P, 5, Ca, 4, easier, Ga

According to your ranking, Ca and Ga would have the largest radius out of the five elements. This is because they are in period n = ___ .

Ga is smaller than Ca because radius increases as you move to the ___ across the period.

S is smaller than P and P is smaller than Si because as you move to the ___ across the period, radius decreases.

According to your ranking, the first ionization energy of Ga is smaller than the first ionization energy of Ca. This is because the element ___ loses the electron from the 4p orbital, which is shielded by the electrons in the ___ s orbital. The element ___ loses the electron from the filled ___ s orbital, which has added stability because it is a filled orbital.

According to your ranking, the first ionization energy of S is lower than the first ionization energy of P. This is because the element ___ has a half-filled ___ p orbital, which adds extra stability, thus making it ___ to remove the electron. The fourth electron in the 3p orbitals of the element ___ experiences added electron-electron repulsion because it must pair with another electron in the same 3p orbital, thus making it ___ to remove.

Explanation / Answer

According to your ranking, Ca and Ga would have the largest radius out of the five elements. This is because they are in period n = __4_ .

Ga is smaller than Ca because radius increases as you move to the RIGHT across the period.

S is smaller than P and P is smaller than Si because as you move to the LEFT across the period, radius decreases.

According to your ranking, the first ionization energy of Ga is smaller than the first ionization energy of Ca. This is because the element ___GALLIUM loses the electron from the 4p orbital, which is shielded by the electrons in the __4_ s orbital. The element ___CALCIUM loses the electron from the filled __3_ s orbital, which has added stability because it is a filled orbital.

According to your ranking, the first ionization energy of S is lower than the first ionization energy of P. This is because the element ___ P has a half-filled _3__ p orbital, which adds extra stability, thus making it __HARDER_ to remove the electron. The fourth electron in the 3p orbitals of the element ___S experiences added electron-electron repulsion because it must pair with another electron in the same 3p orbital, thus making it __EASIER_ to remove.

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