2 9) Time for some fun with baking soda (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3). Write the

Question

2 9) Time for some fun with baking soda (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3). Write the balanced equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid (HCI) with baking soda. This reaction releases carbon dioxide If you put 10.5 g of baking soda in a balloon, and attach the balloon to a flask containing hydrochloric acid, how many moles of carbon dioxide will be formed when the baking soda falls into the acid? [Assume there is enough acid to react with all of the baking soda.] Assume the temperature is 20°C and the pressure is 1.00 atm; what will the volume of the carbon dioxide be? Will your balloon explode?

Explanation / Answer

Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction as below.

2 NaHCO3 (s) --------> Na2CO3 (s) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

As per the stoichiometric equation above,

2 moles NaHCO3 = 1 mole CO2.

Molar mass of NaHCO3 = (1*22.9897 + 1*1.008 + 1*12.01 + 3*15.9994) g/mol = 84.0059 g/mol.

Mole(s) of NaHCO3 corresponding to 10.5 g = (10.5 g)/(84.0059 g/mol) = 0.12499 mole.

Mole(s) of CO2 formed = (0.12499 mole NaHCO3)*(1 mole CO2/2 mole NaHCO3) = 0.062495 mole 0.0625 mole (ans).

Use the ideal gas equation to find out the volume of CO2 gas produced. We have P = 1.00 atm and T = 20°C = (20 + 273.15) K = 293.15 K.

Use the expression P*V = n*R*T where n = 0.0625 mole and R = 0.082 L-atm/mol.K.

(1.00 atm)*V = (0.0625 mole)*(0.082 L-atm/mol.K)*(293.15 K)

====> (1.00 atm)*V = 1.50239 L-atm

====> V = (1.50239 L-atm)/(1.00 atm) = 1.50239 L 1.50 L (ans).

I need to know the volume of the balloon to answer the last part.

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