what is the primary reason for supplementing the glucose concentration in F-plus
ID: 55139 • Letter: W
Question
what is the primary reason for supplementing the glucose concentration in F-plus medium?
note: there already is sugar in the medium for energy, so the answer is not just that cells need energy to grow. I am asking why extra sugar is needed for these chick embryo cultures in particular.
The recipe for F Medium is is H How much of each ingredient in F medium 100 ml x ml of 200mM glutamine stock x ml of 30% glucose stock x ml of 10,000 U,g/ml pen/strep stock x ml of undiluted FBS x 1 of 0.1 mg/ml NGF stock 100ml L-15 2 mM glutamine 0.6% glucose 100U,ug/ml pen/strep 100U,Hg/ml pen/strep 10% FBS 50ng/ml NGFExplanation / Answer
Ans.)
Animal cells, heterotrophs, derive their energy from coupled oxidation-reduction reactions. Glucose is a primary fuel for heterotrophs. Energy derived from glucose is stored in the form of high-energy phosphate bonds in ATP, or other nucleotide triphosphates, and as energy-rich hydrogen atoms associated with the co-enzymes NADP and NAD. The metabolic pathways involved with the production and utilization of these high-energy intermediates are the
Efficient energy metabolism and maintenance of a reduced cellular environment depend upon the fine balance of these pathways in response to environmental factors. It is important to understand how and when these pathways operate within the compartments of the cell as it responds to changing environmental conditions.
Glucose is a six-carbon aldehyde sugar that exists in various stereoisomeric forms and as a linear or cyclized molecule. D-Glucose is the natural form used by animal cells. The D refers to the asymmetry around the C5 carbon atom. When glucose is dissolved in water it exists almost exclusively in its cyclic form. The designations and refer to the asymmetry around the C1 carbon when glucose is in its cyclized form. The - and - forms can interconvert. The process is called mutarotation.
Glucose is very soluble and chemically stable in normal physiological solutions and media. However, glucose is a reducing sugar that participates in Schiff base formation and Amadori rearrangements that cause protein glycation and carbonyl stress in cell culture. The ability of glucose to promote glycation and carbonyl stress is an important contributor to the secondary modifications of bio-manufactured molecules, especially proteins.
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