A person comes into the emergency room dehyrated after working out in the summer

Question

A person comes into the emergency room dehyrated after working out in the summer sun. His ECF volume is 13 liters and his ECF osmolarity is 340 mOsM. (Ignore ICF in this problem).

a. How many milliosmoles of solute are in his ECF when he arrives at the hospital?

b. An intravenous (IV) infusion of 1 liter of 0.464% NaCl is given. (The molecular weight of NaCL is 58 g/mole.) How many milliosmoles of solue are in the IV?

c.Assuming that no water or solutes move out of the ECF, calculate the new ECF volume and osmolarity after the man has been given the IV.

Explanation / Answer

a)

Body osmolarity = 340 mOsM

ECF osmolarity = 13 L

Insert the values in the below formula:

X milliosmoles = Body osmolarity X ECF osmolarity.

X = (340 mOsM) X (13 L)

X = 4,420 milliosmoles

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b)

Body osmolarity = 160 mOsM

ECF osmolarity = 1 L

Insert the values in the below formula:

X milliosmoles = Body osmolarity X ECF osmolarity.

X = (160 mOsM) X (1L)

X = 160 milliosmoles

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c)

At arrival, the solute in the person is 4,420 milliosmoles

At arrival, the ECF osmolarity is 13 L

During the treatment, the solute in the person is 160 milliosmoles

During the treatment, the ECF osmolarity is 1 L

Insert the values in the below formula:

Body osmolarity = X mOsM X ECF osmolarity

X = Body osmolarity / ECF osmolarity

X = (4,420 milliosmoles + 160 milliosmoles)/(13 L + 1 L)

X = 327 mOsM

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