Use the electron configurations to explain the differences between your answers

Question

Use the electron configurations to explain the differences between your answers to Parts F and G. Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. Make certain each sentence is complete before submitting your answer.

right

4

Ca

left

easier

Ga

P

S

5

3

harder

2

1. According to your ranking, Ca and Ga would have the largest radius out of the five elements. This is because they are in period n = .

2. Ga is smaller than Ca because radius increases as you move to the across the period.

3. S is smaller than P and P is smaller than Si because as you move to the across the period, radius decreases.

4. According to your ranking, the first ionization energy of Ga is smaller than the first ionization energy of Ca. This is because the element loses the electron from the 4p orbital, which is shielded by the electrons in the s orbital. The element loses the electron from the filled s orbital, which has added stability because it is a filled orbital.

5. According to your ranking, the first ionization energy of S is lower than the first ionization energy of P. This is because the element has a half-filled p orbital, which adds extra stability, thus making it to remove the electron. The fourth electron in the 3p orbitals of the element experiences added electron-electron repulsion because it must pair with another electron in the same 3p orbital, thus making it to remove.

Explanation / Answer

1.Ca and Ga are in 4th period elements.therefore the last coming electron enters in to 4th energy level.

2.in the period moving from left to the right atomic size is decreased .hence Ga is smaller than Ca.

3. S,P,Si are in 3rd period.

4.the statement is correct.

5. The statement is correct

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