1. A patient\'s total serum protein level is 8.8 g/dL and serum protein electrop
ID: 53936 • Letter: 1
Question
1.
A patient's total serum protein level is 8.8 g/dL and serum protein electrophoresis Unit exhibits a possible monoclonal band in the gamma region. It is confirmed with immunoelectrophoresis and typed as IgG k (kappa) with free kappa light chains. This is associated with:
ductal cell carcinoma of the breast.
metastatic colorectal cancer.
renal tubular squamous carcinoma.
multiple myeloma
2.
Ion-selective electrodes compare the voltage of the measuring electrode to
A known stable reference voltage
The conductivity of the sample
The current required to establish the voltage
The resistivity of the sample
3.
A 'selective proteinuria' is characterized by the prevalence of which of the following patterns of urine protein electrophoresis?
Albumin, transferrin, alpha-1-antitrypsin
Beta-2-microglobulin and similar size proteins
Compliment, immunoglobulin and CRP
A pattern resembling that of serum
4.
pH 8.6 is used for serum protein electrophoresis so that:
All serum proteins will have a net negative charge
All serum proteins will have a net positive charge
Electroendosmosis is avoided
Heat production is minimized
5.
A patient's total serum protein level is 8.8 g/dL and serum protein electrophoresis Unit exhibits a possible monoclonal band in the gamma region. It is confirmed with immunoelectrophoresis and typed as IgG k (kappa) with free kappa light chains. This is associated with:
ductal cell carcinoma of the breast.
metastatic colorectal cancer.
renal tubular squamous carcinoma.
multiple myeloma.
6.
This term means the storage of carbohydrates
Glycogenolysis
Glycogenesis
Glycolysis
Fermentation
a.ductal cell carcinoma of the breast.
b.metastatic colorectal cancer.
c.renal tubular squamous carcinoma.
d.multiple myeloma
Explanation / Answer
1.A patient's total serum protein level is 8.8 g/dL and serum protein electrophoresis Unit exhibits a possible monoclonal band in the gamma region. It is confirmed with immunoelectrophoresis and typed as IgG k (kappa) with free kappa light chains. This is associated with:multiple myeloma
2. Ion-selective electrodes compare the voltage of the measuring electrode to:A known stable reference voltage
3. A 'selective proteinuria' is characterized by the prevalence of which of the following patterns of urine protein electrophoresis?Albumin, transferrin, alpha-1-antitrypsin
4. pH 8.6 is used for serum protein electrophoresis so that:All serum proteins will have a net negative charge
explanation:
The separation is commonly carried out at pH 8.6, which is higher than the pI (= isoelectric point pH) values of the major serum proteins. Proteins are amphoteric molecules: they are either uncharged or negatively or positively charged particles, depending on the pH of a buffer used for analysis. The buffer helps to maintain a constant pH, and it ensures that each protein will maintain a constant charge throughout the course of the separation. If the buffer of pH 8.6 (commonly barbital or Tris-barbital buffer) is used the most of proteins are negatively charged and move toward the anode at a rate dependent on their net charge. Major peaks (bands) observed in order of their migration are those of albumin, alpha-1 globulins (a1), alpha-2 globulins (a2), beta-1 globulins (1), beta-2 globulins (2) and gamma globulins (g). Albumin has the highest mobility from all of the fractions. Some of these peaks represent many of different proteins that have a similar migration rate at pH 8.6. However, certain proteins predominate in each peak and variation in their relative amounts is characteristic of certain diseases.
6.This term means the storage of carbohydrates:Glycogenesis
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