Define enthalpy Define the term \"slate function\" Traffic signals are often mad

Question

Define enthalpy Define the term "slate function" Traffic signals are often made now of LEDs (light emitting diodes). The green signal has a wavelength of 500 nm, and the yellow has a wavelength of 595 nm. Calculate the frequency of the green signal Calculate the energy of a single yellow photon A 0.22-caliber handgun fires a 2.7 g bullet at a velocity of 765 m/s. Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of the bullet. In what way does light behave as a particle? In what way does an electron behave as a wave? What is a probability distribution?

Explanation / Answer

13a) Enthalpy: The heat content of a system at constant temperture and pressure is called enthalpy

It is equal to the internal energy of the system plus the product of pressure and volume.

dH = dE+PdV

13b) State function: A thermodynamic property whose value depends on initial and final states of the system but not on the path of process is called state function

Ex: Enthalpy, entropy, internal energy etc.,

14a) Frequency of green light of wavelength 500nm

E = hc/
h = 6.626 x 10^-34 Jsec
C = 3.0 x 10^8 m/sec
wavlength in meters: 500 nm x 1 m/1 x 10^9 nm = 5.00 x 10^-7 m

E = hc/
E = (6.626*10^-34 J*s)(3.0*10^8 m/s)/(5.00*10^-7 m)
E = 3.975*10^-19 J

14b) Frequency of one photon of yellow light

E = hc/
E = (6.626*10^-34 J*s)(3.0*10^8 m/s)/(5.95*10^-7 m)
E = 3.340*10^-19 J

For one photon, E/N (where N= Avagadro number = 6.023*10^23)

E1 = 3.340*10^-19 J/6.023*10^23 = 5.545*10^-43 J

15) de-Broglie wavelength of the bullet

de Broglie Equation is given by
Wavelength, = h/(m×v)
where h is Plank’s constant = 6.626 × 10^-34 J s; m is mass(in kg) and v is velocity (in meters)
= (6.626 × 10^-34)/(0.027×765) = 3.2 × 10^-33 m s^-1

16a) Light behaves as a particle and travells in the form of energy packets called quantum, the energy of a quantum of light is directly proportional to its frequency.

The particle nature of light is proved by photoelectric effect

16b) Light also behaves as a wave that is it propagates in the form of crusts and troughs. The properties of reflection and diffraction are the examples for wave nature of light

17a) Propability distribution: Is is an equation that links each outcome of a statistical experiment with its propability of occurance

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