TEN SOLUTION PROBLEM Learning objectives In this laboratory exercise the student
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TEN SOLUTION PROBLEM Learning objectives In this laboratory exercise the student will: Identify physical and chemical tests to determine the presence or absence of particular cations and anions in solution. Apply the scientific method, organizational skills and deductive reasoning to solving a problem in chemistry. Record experimental data with sufficient detail to use it in drawing conclusions. Write net-ionic equations for exchange reactions observed in solution. Background: with repeated experience and a bit of analytical thinking, distinguishing between seemingly similar entities becomes possible. For example, a musician may become skilled at identifying a composer or a particular composition after just a few notes of a piece of music. A physician's assistant may be able to distinguish between different skin rashes based on their appearance. A well-trained civil engineer will be able to distinguish between stainless steel and hot rolled steel with ease. And, a chemist can distinguish between different chemical compounds based on a few characteristic properties. While few of are likely to become chemists, honing your skills in identifying critical information, you then classifying, organizing and applying it, is a key to sharpening broader problem-solving abilities. In this chemistry exercise, ten aqueous solutions, each containing one cation and one anion from the list below, will be tested to determine the identity ofthe dissolved ionic compound: Possible Cations Possible Anions Ammonium Acetate Barium ion Chloride Calcium ion Carbonate Cobalt (ID ion Iodide Copper ID ion Hydroxide Nitrate Iron (ID ion Phosphate Iron (IID ion Sulfate Lead (Dion Sulfite Nickel (Dion Potassium ionExplanation / Answer
A) hydroxide ions can form precipitate by combining with certain metal ions. This is due to their low Ksp values.
B) sodium ions never form precipitate with any ions. This is due to their high Ksp values.
C) lead(II) can form precipitate with hydroxide ions due to their low Ksp.
D) potassium and iode ions.
E) net ionic equation is:- Pb2++2OH-=Pb(OH)2(s) ( reaction between lead nitrate and sodium hydroxide)
F) counter ions are:- K+ and NO3-
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