The S_N1 mechanism occurs in two steps. In the first (rate determining) step, th

Question

The S_N1 mechanism occurs in two steps. In the first (rate determining) step, the leaving group leaves, and a carbocation intermediate is formed. The nucleophile adds to the carbocation in the second (fast) step. A number of different factors affect the rate, and therefore the favorability, of each of these mechanisms. You will design and perform a set of reactions to determine the effect of each of these factors on both S_N2 and S_N1 reactions. 1. Substitution: Is the carbon at which the substitution is taking place 1 degree, 2 degree 3 degree, or allylic? Hybridization: Is the carbon at which the substitution is taking place sp^2 or sp^3- hybridized? Leaving Group: Is the halide leaving group chloride or bromide?

Explanation / Answer

1.

The answer is based on the examples given above the question:

In case of SN2 reaction; The carbon is primary (1o).

In case of SN1 reaction; The carbon is tertiary (3o).

2.

The answer is based on the examples given above the question:

In both cases SN2 and SN1 reactions; the carbon is sp3 hydridized.

3.

The answer is based on the examples given above the question:

You didn't mention anything about the leaving group. So, it's not possible to say whether its a Cl or Br.

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