What effect does a reduction in atmospheric pressure have on the boiling point o

Question

What effect does a reduction in atmospheric pressure have on the boiling point of a liquid? Why is it dangerous to heat a liquid in an apparatus that is not vented to the atmosphere? Why is the thermometer bulb at the height of the condenser and not at the top of the distilling column? What it the effect of a non-volatile soluble solute (i.e. salt) on the boiling point of a liquid (i.e. water)? What it the effect of a non-volatile, non-soluble solute (i.e. broken glass) on the boiling point of a liquid (i.e. water)?

Explanation / Answer

7.1:- Boiling point is the temperature at which vapour pressure of a liquid becomes equal to atmospheric pressure. If there is reduction in atmospheric pressure then boiling point also reduce.

7.4:- on adding non volatile soluble solute to a solvent the vapour pressure of solution decrease and hence it would become equal to atmospheric pressure at higher temperature so boiling point of liquid would be higher.

7.5:- on adding non volatile insoluble solute to solvent there is no effect on vapour pressure of solution and hence boiling point remains unchanged.

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