Genes spreaded by lateral gene flow always confer an adaptive advantage to the r

Question

Genes spreaded by lateral gene flow always confer an adaptive advantage to the recipient microorganism.

True

False

Drug resistance mechanisms include:

Mutations of the target that prevent antibiotic binding

Inactivation of the antibiotic

Mechanism of antibiotic export that prevent accumulation of the antibiotic inside the microorganisms

All the statements above are correct

The highest density of microorganisms in a liquid culture is reached during

The stationary phase

The log phase

The lag phase

The death phase

Pili have a relevant role in biofilm formation

True

False

Gram-negative bacteria have a thicker peptidoglycan than Gram-positive bacteria

True

False

The biological role of the peptidoglycan is:

Semipermeability barrier

Shape and rigidity

Motility

None of the above statements are correct

The cell membrane is an important obstacle for the lysozyme to reach the peptidoglycan.

True

False

Microorganisms grow faster in liquid cultures during

The stationary phase

The lag phase

The log phase

The presence of the outer membrane determines staining with the Gram staining

True

False

Pili mediate lateral gene transfer

True

False

The outer membrane is a semipermeability barrier to the transport of substances

True

False

The death phase

a.

Mutations of the target that prevent antibiotic binding

b.

Inactivation of the antibiotic

Mechanism of antibiotic export that prevent accumulation of the antibiotic inside the microorganisms

All the statements above are correct

The highest density of microorganisms in a liquid culture is reached during

a.

The stationary phase

b.

The log phase

c.

The lag phase

d.

The death phase

Pili have a relevant role in biofilm formation

True

False

Gram-negative bacteria have a thicker peptidoglycan than Gram-positive bacteria

True

False

The biological role of the peptidoglycan is:

a.

Semipermeability barrier

b.

Shape and rigidity

c.

Motility

d.

None of the above statements are correct

The cell membrane is an important obstacle for the lysozyme to reach the peptidoglycan.

True

False

Microorganisms grow faster in liquid cultures during

a.

The stationary phase

b.

The lag phase

c.

The log phase

The presence of the outer membrane determines staining with the Gram staining

True

False

Pili mediate lateral gene transfer

True

False

The outer membrane is a semipermeability barrier to the transport of substances

True

False

The death phase

Explanation / Answer

1. Genes spreaded by lateral gene flow always confer an adaptive advantage to the recipient microorganism.

True

2. Drug resistance mechanisms include

All the statements above are correct

3. The highest density of microorganisms in a liquid culture is reached during

The log phase

4. Pili have a relevant role in biofilm formation

True

5. Gram-negative bacteria have a thicker peptidoglycan than Gram-positive bacteria

False

Gram-negative bacteria are surrounded by a thin peptidoglycan cell wall, which itself is surrounded by an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharide. Gram-positive bacteria lack an outer membrane but are surrounded by layers of peptidoglycan many times thicker than is found in the Gram-negatives.

6. The biological role of the peptidoglycan is.....

b. Shape and rigidity

A common misconception is that peptidoglycan gives the cell its shape; however, whereas peptidoglycan helps maintain the structural strength of the cell, it is actually the MreB protein that facilitates cell shape

7. The cell membrane is an important obstacle for the lysozyme to reach the peptidoglycan.

True

8. Microorganisms grow faster in liquid cultures during

c. The log phase

9. The presence of the outer membrane determines staining with the Gram staining

False

Gram positive bacteria stain violet due to the presence of a thick layer of peptidoglycan in their cell walls, which retains the crystal violet these cells are stained with. Alternatively, Gram negative bacteria stain red, which is attributed to a thinner peptidoglycan wall, which does not retain the crystal violet during the decoloring process.

10. Pili mediate lateral gene transfer

True

11. The outer membrane is a semipermeability barrier to the transport of substances

True

b.

The log phase

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