There are three steps in electrophilic aromatic substitution: formation of the e

Question

There are three steps in electrophilic aromatic substitution: formation of the electrophile, pi attack of the electrophile, and deprotonation to reform aromaticity. Ortho/para directors either have a lone pair on the atom adjacent to the benzene ring or are alkyl or aryl. All ortho/para directors are activators. Sodium borohydride (NaBH_4) can reduce carboxylic acid derivatives. Carbon has 4 bonds and plus attacks minus. Aromatic systems have 4, 8, 12, 16, 20... pi electrons. An amino group forms stronger hydrogen bonds than a hydroxyl group. Aldehydes react with Grignard reagents (followed by an aqueous acid workup) to create primary alcohols. Hemiacetals are stable in basic conditions. A Grignard reagent cannot be formed in the presence of an NH, OH, or SH group. Any reagent that oxidizes an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid will also oxidize a ketone to a carboxylic acid. A carbonyl group is polarized such that the oxygen atom is partially positive and the carbonyl carbon is partially negative. Fischer esterification is reversible. The conjugate base of a carboxylic acid is resonance-stabilized. The alpha position of a carbonyl compound refers to the carbonyl carbon.

Explanation / Answer

1-True

2-True

3-True

4-False

5-false

6-true

7-false

8-true

9-True

10-true

11-false

12-false

13-True

14-true

15-false

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse T
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.