Hello everyone, I am having trouble understanding the summary to a Science Magaz
ID: 5173 • Letter: H
Question
Hello everyone,I am having trouble understanding the summary to a Science MagazineExtraction regarding stem cells. Could someone help me decipherwhat they are saying in 2-5 sentences (and simpler language)? Iwill rate lifesaver for sure because you would surely be alifesaver!!
The extraction states:
Title: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines Derived From HumanSomatic Cells.
Somatic cell nucelar transfer allows trans-acting factors presentin the mammalian oocyte to reprogram somatic cell nuclei to anundifferentiated state. We show that four factors are sufficient toreprogram human somatic cells to pluripotent stem cells that havenormal karyotypes, express telomerase activity, express cellsurface markers and genes that characterize human ES cells, andmaintain the developmental potential to differentiate into advancedderivatives of all three primary germ layers. Such inducedpluripotent human cell lines should be useful in the production ofnew disease models and in drug development, as well as forapplications in transplantation medicine, once technicallimitations (for example, mutation through viral integration) areeliminated.
Explanation / Answer
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) or therapeuticcloning involves removing the nucleus of an unfertilized egg cell,replacing it with the material from the nucleus of a "somatic cell"(a skin, heart, or nerve cell, for example), and stimulating thiscell to begin dividing..
Pluripotent stem cells are the descendants oftotipotent cells and can differentiate into nearly all cells,i.e.cells derived from any of the three germ layers.endoderm , mesoderm, or ectoderm . Pluripotent stem cells can give rise to any fetalor adult cell type
stem cell therapy has the potential to dramaticallychange the treatment of human disease. A number of adult stem celltherapies already exist, particularly bone marrow transplants thatare used to treat leukemia.
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