Explain why, in Ruthorford\'s experiments, some alpha particle were scattered at

Question

Explain why, in Ruthorford's experiments, some alpha particle were scattered at large angles by the gold foil or in even bounced back. What is the nuclear composition of the six naturally occurring isotopic of calcium having mass numbers of 40, 42, 43, 44, 46, and 48? Write the isotopic notation symbols for each isotope. Naturally occurring lead exists as four stable isotopes:^204 Pb with a mass of 203, 973 amu (1.480%);^206 Pb, 205.974 amu (23.60%);^207 Pb, 206.9759 amu (22.60% and^208 Pb, 207.9766 amu (52.30%) Calculate the average atomic mass of lead. An aluminum atom has an average diameter of about 3.0 times 10^-8 cm. The nucleus has a diameter of about 2.0 times 10^-13 cm. Calculate the ratio of the atomic volume to nuclear volume for an atom of aluminum. Assume that an atom is spherical (V = (4/3) pi r^3)

Explanation / Answer

1. Alpha particles are positively charged.During the experiment some alpha particles are scattered by large angles because they came into contact with the positive charge that is protons present in the nuclues .

2. Due to the similar charge they undergone repulsion hence they scattered at larger angles.

3. Some rays bounced back eact the same direction because they came into contact with nuclues where the mass of the whole substance is included.

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