(Reference the material below to assist in ansering the following questions) QUE

Question

(Reference the material below to assist in ansering the following questions)

QUESTION 1

After running an agarose gel, which molecule would you expect to be the farthest from the start point?

Molecule A, molecular weight 763

Molecule B, molecular weight 975

Molecule C, molecular weight 8,543

Molecule D, molecular weight 20,967

10 points   

QUESTION 2

What is the purpose of the salt in the DNA extraction solution?

aids in breaking down the cell membranes

helps the DNA molecules stick together

forces the DNA to precipitate out of solution

stabilize the pH of the solution

10 points   

QUESTION 3

In experiment 4, what is in unknown 2?

Methyl orange and pyronin

xylene cyanol and pyronin

xylene cyanol and methyl orange

ponceau G and methyl orange

10 points   

QUESTION 4

In experiment 4, what is in unknown 1?

methyl orange and ponceau G

methyl orange and pyronin

ponceau G and xylene cyanol

xylene cyanol and methyl orange

10 points   

QUESTION 5

In experiment 4, which molecule is positively charged?

methyl orange

xylene cyanol

ponceau G

pyronin

10 points   

QUESTION 6

Analysis of DNA fragments in gel electrophoresis involves

DNA moving to the positive pole

Staining DNA fragments to visualize them

An electric current causes DNA fragments to migrate

all of the above

10 points   

QUESTION 7

In experiment 2, if you cut your sequence with enzyme 1, how many fragments do you have?

2

4

3

7

10 points   

QUESTION 8

In experiment 2, if you cut your sequence with enzyme 2 how many fragments do you have?

2

4

5

6

10 points   

QUESTION 9

Which of the following techniques involve the purposeful removal of genetic material from one organism and combining it with the genetic material of another organism?

Gel electrophoresis

Biotechnology

Recombinant DNA

Genetic engineering

10 points   

QUESTION 10

Adult stem cells are

totipotent

pluripotent

found only in those over the age of 18

not found in children

Molecule A, molecular weight 763

Molecule B, molecular weight 975

Molecule C, molecular weight 8,543

Molecule D, molecular weight 20,967

Experiment 1: Coding Materials For the following exercises Red beads Blue beads Yellow beads Green beads Regular beads are used as . . Pop-it beads are used as ami- no aclds Procedure A) Using red, blue, yellow and green beads, devise and lay out a three color code for each of the following letters (codon). For example 2-green: red: green In the spaces below the letter, record your "code C- E: H: K: L: M: S: T: U Create codons for: Start: Sto Space: B) Using this code, align the beads corresponding to the appropriate letter to write the fol owing sentence (don't forget start, space and stop]: The mouse likes most cheese 1. How many beads did you use? 13: DNA & RNA There are muiltiple ways your cells can read a sequence of DNA and buld slightly different proteins from the same strand. We will not go through the process here, but as an illustration of this "alternate splic ing, remove codons (beads) 52-66 from your sentence above. 2. What does the sentence say now? (re-read the entire sentence) Mutations are simply changes in the sequence of nucleotides. There are three ways this occurs Change one, remove one, or add one Using the sentence from exerdse 1B: C) Change the 24" bead to a different color. what does the sentence say now? (re-read the entire sentence) 4. Does it make sense? D) Replace the 24h bead and remove the 20" bead (remember what was there).

Explanation / Answer

Answer 1 a) Molecule A, molecular weight 763

Reason - We know that during electrophoresis, the smallest fragment of DNA migrates faster in the gel than the large fragment. and smallest the fragment would be, farthest it would travel. therefore, Molecule A having the molecular weight of 763 would travel farthest from the start point in the given conditions.

Answer 2b) helps the DNA molecules stick together

Reason - This is the step of precipitation in DNA extraction where we use Salt and alcohol. while sodium ions in salt molecules neutralize the negative charge on phosphate backbone of DNA so that the DNA molecules can bind together. at the same time, alcohol aids in removing the water shell around the DNA molecules and forces the "bound DNA molecules" to precipitate out of the solution.

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