Why is absolute ethanol rather than 95% ethanol used in this experiment? Propose

Question

Why is absolute ethanol rather than 95% ethanol used in this experiment? Propose a structure for the solid that separates when concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the solution of p-aminobenzoic acid in ethanol. Why is it important that the solid referred to in Exercise 2 dissolve during the reaction to obtain a good yield of ethyl p-aminobenzoate? Sodium carbonate is used to adjust the pH to 8 during the work-up of the reaction. a. Why is it necessary to adjust to this pH prior to extracting the aqueous mixture with diethyl ether? b. What undesired reaction might occur if you made the solution strongly basic with aqueous sodium hydroxide? c. Using curved arrows to symbolize the flow of electrons, write the stepwise mechanism for the reaction of Part b.

Explanation / Answer

The 95% ethanol means the little amount of water presented in diluted ethanol. It can prevents the ester formation. Absolute alcohol means it contains 1% or less of water.

95% alcohol has about 5% water. The presence of water will leads to the backward reaction. In this the instead of acids becomes ester, the esters becomes acid because of H2 from water.

The absolute ethanol can be choose will lead to forward reaction rather than using any forms of ethanol.

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