Give reasons for 5 stars! Ecologists tested the effects that neighboring alpine

Question

Give reasons for 5 stars!

Ecologists tested the effects that neighboring alpine (mountain) plants had had on multiple target plant species at different elevations. They wanted to know whether positive interactions among species were likely to be more important under stressful conditions, as predicted by theory. In replicate plots for each target species, neighbors were either left in place or removed from the vicinity of the target plants; higher elevations were assumed to more stressful to plants (e.g., winter temperatures were colder and the winds stronger). The figure below shows the proportion of surviving target species in controls and neighbour removal treatments at low and high elevations (treatment: F1, 206 = 8.47, p = 0.004; elevation: F1, 206 = 2.10, p = 0.149; interaction: F1, 206 = 22.13, p < 0.001). Answer the following questions:

4. What was the mean effect of elevation on alpine plant survival?

A) positive

B) negative

C) depends on the presence/absence of neighbors

D) no statistically significant effect

5. What evidence did you use to determine your answer to the previous two questions?

A) treatment: F1, 206 = 8.47, p = 0.004

B) elevation: F1, 206 = 2.10, p = 0.149

C) both A and B

D) interaction: F1, 206 = 22.13, p < 0.001

6. Do these data provide evidence for in support of the idea that positive interactions among species are more important under stressful conditions?

A) no; effects of neighbors were not statistically significant

B) no; effects of neighbors were different at different elevations

C) yes; effects of neighbors were not statistically significant

D) yes; effects of neighbors were different at different elevations

Explanation / Answer

4. the mean effect of elevation on alpine plant survival was positive, the error bar shows one standard error, location combined, neighbours had weakly competetive effect on mortality.

5. elevation: F1, 206 = 2.10, p = 0.149 is used as evidence did you use to determine your answer to the previous question

6. yes; effects of neighbors were not statistically significant- is in support of the idea that positive interactions among species are more important under stressful conditions

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