38. The formation of SO 3 from SO 2 and O 2 is an intermediate step in the manuf

Question

38. The formation of SO3 from SO2 and O2 is an intermediate step in the manufacture of sulfuric acid, and it is also responsible for the acid rain phenomenon. The equilibrium constant KP for the reaction

2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g)

is 0.13 at 803

°

C. In one experiment, 2.00 mol SO2 and 2.00 mol O2 were initially present in a flask.

What must

be the total pressure at equilibrium in order to have an 76.0% yield of SO3?

b.The equilibrium constant KP for the following reaction is found to be 4.31

×

104 at 375

°

C.

In a certain experiment a student starts with

0.942 atm of N2

and

0.433 atm of H2

in a

constant-volume

vessel at 375

°

C. Calculate the partial pressures of all species when equilibrium is reached.

PN2 = atm

PH2 = atm

PNH3 = atm

Explanation / Answer

38)

2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g)

2.0          2.0               0

2-2x         2-x               2x

at equilibrium 76% of SO3 obtained

moles of SO3 = 0.76 x 2 = 1.52 mol

at equilibrium :

moles of SO3 = 1.52

moles of SO2 = 0.48

moles of O2 = 1.24

total moles = 1.52 + 0.48 + 1.24 = 3.24

mole fraction of SO2 = 0.48 / 3.24 = 0.148

mole fraction of O2 = 1.24 / 3.24 = 0.383

mole fraction of SO3 = 1.52 / 3.24 = 0.469

let us assume :

total pressure = P atm

PSO2 = mole fraction x total pressure

PSO2 = 0.148 x P

PO2 = 0.383 x P

PSO3 = 0.469 x P

Kp = (PSO3)^2 / (PSO2)^2 x PO2

0.13 = (0.469 P)^2 / (0.148P)^2 x (0.383P)

P = 201.7

total pressure = 201.7 atm

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