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identify the qual 1 cations that are confirmed present in a reference solution b

ID: 491983 • Letter: I

Question

identify the qual 1 cations that are confirmed present in a reference solution by: Experiment 38 Prelab Assignment oratory Qual I. Nat. K+ NH 2+. Ca CU Mg Name Lab Sec. Dale Desk No. 1. the Qual I cation(s) that is (are) confirmed present in a reference solution by a. the formation of a precipitate. Write the formula of the precipitates. the color of a soluble complex ion. write the formula ofthe complex ion. b, c, the characteristic color of a flame test. d, the evolution of a gas. (o) that is (are) confirmed present in a test solution as a result of a Brwnsed a

Explanation / Answer

Qualitative analysis of cations

1. Identification by precipitate formation

Addition of dilute HCl gives a Hg2Cl2 as white precipitate : confirms Hg2^2+ present

Hg2^2+ + 2HCl --> Hg2Cl2(white ppt) + 2H+

When we pass H2S gas through the filtrate from above, a black precipitate is formed : confirm Cu2+ present

Cu2+ + S^2- ---> CuS (black ppt)

To the filtrate from above, acidify with HCl, boil and add NH4Cl and (NH4)2CO3 to it. formation of white precipitate confirms Mg2+ or Ca2+

Mg2+ + CO3^2- --> MgCO3(ppt)

Ca2+ + CO3^2- --> CaCO3(ppt)

the rest ions remain soluble

b. For confirmation of Cu2+

dissolve black CuS ppt in HNO3 and add excess NH4OH, formation of blue colored solution confirms formation of complex ion of Cu2+,

Cu2+ + 4NH3 --> [Cu(NH3)4]2+ (blue)

c. Flame tests

Ca2+ : gives brick-red/orange colored flame

Cu2+ : bluish-green colored flame

Mg2+ : intense white flame

K+ : Lilac flame

Na+ : deep yellow flame

NH4+ : faint green

d. From the given ions, we would see evolution of gas, in case of NH4+ ions

NH4+ when heated gives off NH3 gas which forms a white cloud If passed through HCl due to the formation of NH4Cl.