https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9z14l51ISwg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20Vv
ID: 486788 • Letter: H
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9z14l51ISwg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20VvpASC2sU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubVabIVnNXk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A2FmNrEmowE
CHEMISTRY IN WATER & WASTEWATER ENGINEERING Chemistry is a branch of science that studies the composition, structure, and transformations of matter. Every thing we see (water, etc.) and some things we do not see (air, CO2, etc.) is made of one or more of substances. Substances are made of matter and matter is any thing that has mass and occupies space. (In addition to matter, the universe also contains energy.) Chemistry focuses on two basic units of which substances are made, atoms and molecules. Chemists try to understand the behavior of substances by studying how their atoms and molecules behave a In this course, we look at chemistry as it is applied to water and wastewater dealing with: water quality, pollution, and chemical-treatment processExplanation / Answer
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Chemistry has a very important role in water and waste-water treatment engineering. It protects public health, protects surface-water quality for domestic and industrial uses etc. In view of over growing industries and developmental activities, the water pollution is a very common phenomenon world-wide. Among other water pollution type chemical contaminants in water impose a high health risk to living beings. A few examples of chemical contaminants include: organic chemicals, disinfection byproducts, inorganic chemicals, radionuclides, physical and aesthetic characteristics etc. Organic chemicals include pesticides and herbicides, organic solvents, fuel components and poly nuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, these chemicals can cause carcinogenicity, teratogenicity (birth defects), nervous system impairment, liver and other organ impairment, reproductive impairment in human life. Inorganic chemicals include Antimony (blood disorders), Arsenic (skin damage, cancer), Barium (increased blood pressure), Beryllium (intestinal lesions), Cadmium (kidney damage), and Chromium (dermatitis), Copper (gastrointestinal, liver or kidney damage). Physical and aesthetic characteristics is also a very important parameter to judge the quality of water. Physical and aesthetic characteristics include: Turbidity (contaminated with Harbors bacteria, interferes with treatment), Color, odor (effect aesthetic look), Silver cause argyria (turns skin blue), Sulfate (Laxative effect), Chloride (taste salty), TDS (taste salty, scaling of pipes), Hardness, cause deposits and unsuitable for drinking and washing purposes. All of the above mentioned water contaminants and water pollution can be removed with the help of chemistry. For example, the pathogens in the water can be killed with specific chemicals called disinfection. The hardness of water can be removed with the help of chemistry by reacting hard water with suitable chemical reagent, viz lime-soda ash process and purification techniques etc. Ion-Exchange adsorption method is another chemical technique to remove the taste and odor causing chemicals, synthetic organic chemicals, color forming organic chemicals, disinfection byproducts from water. In other words it can be said that chemistry has a significant role in water and waste-water purification through engineering processes.
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