What is the relationship between concentration of hydronium ions in solution and

Question

What is the relationship between concentration of hydronium ions in solution and initial concentration of hydrochloric acid (strong acid)? Acetic Acid (weak acid)? What is the relationship between pH and concentration of hydronium ions in solution? Are the average values of concentration of acid calculated by using the initial pH and by using the end point similar? Which one do you think is more accurate? Why? Why titrations with indicator are normally performed in duplicates and sometimes even in triplicates? Explain.

Explanation / Answer

1. Relationship between H3O+ with strong acid and weak acid

strong acid HCl will dissociate completely into H+ and Cl-

So, H3O+ formed = concentration of HCl in solution

wek acid acetic acid will dissociate only partially into H+ and CH3COO- ions

So, H3O+ formed = concentration of acetic acid - fraction of acid dissociated

2. pH = -log[H3O+]

3. The concentration of acid calculated by using end point is more accurate as it would give the absolute value of how much acid is present in solution which has reacted completely with the added base in the solution.

4. Titrations are always performed in duplicate or triplicate times, to reduce the error that may have come by identifying the end point and any excess titrant that might have been added in one of the runs.

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