Briefly answer the following questions about analine, benzoic acid, and toluene

Question

Briefly answer the following questions about analine, benzoic acid, and toluene. Answers are expected to be qualitative (example: more or less)

i. Which of the chemicals would you expect to be the least water soluble, and why? Which is expected to have the highest Kow?

ii. Which of the chemicals would you expect to adsorb to soils at pH 8, and why? (Hint: there are two)

iii. Which of the chemicals would you expect to have the lowest Kd, and why at pH 7?

iv. Which of the chemicals has the greatest tendency to contaminate groundwater once applied on or just below the soil surface (pH 4), and why? (Assume some clay in soil)

v. Which of the above chemical’s tendency to contaminate groundwater would increase the most with decreasing soil pH, and why?

vi. Assume these chemicals are spilled on a beach. How would their partitioning differ from when they were applied to farm soil? Assume the beach sand is just silica crystals (hint: solubility change, very low clay content in sand, and very low foc).

Explanation / Answer

The dipole moment of these chemicals are following:

Toluene 0.36 D

analine 1.55 D

benzoic acid 1.72 D

The dipole moment of Toluene is 0.36 D means it is a non-polar compound, and water is polar compound. Like dissolves like means water does not dissolve Toluene or it is less soluble in water rather than benzoic acid and analine

Kow means the octanol/water partition coefficient, which is defined as the ratio of a chemical's concentration in the octanol phase to its concentration in the aqueous phase.

Kow = Concentration in octanol phase / Concentration in aqueous phase

The dipole moment of Toluene is 0.36 D means it is a non-polar compound thus it is highest soluble in organic compound and as a result of this the Toluene is expected to have the highest Kow

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse B
• Subjects

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.