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tempature change table: water 11.7 methanol 20.6 ethanol 18.6 1-propanol 11.1 2-

ID: 478592 • Letter: T

Question

tempature change table:

water 11.7

methanol 20.6

ethanol 18.6

1-propanol 11.1

2-propanol 15.8

1-butanol 5.6

acetone 25.9

For each of the following sets of compounds explain the variation in the T values in terms of the specific intermolecular attractive forces present and their strength. In your answer you must identify the intermolecular attractive force primarily responsible for the observed trend in the T values and how the strength of that attractive force varies among the compounds in that particular set.

a. methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, and 1 butanol

b. acetone and 2-propanol

c. 1-propanol and 2-propanol

d. water and methanol

Explanation / Answer

a. methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, and 1 butanol

main driving force: poalrity, and hydrogen bonding.

butanol is too large so it requires higher temperature to boil, the smallest, methanol will boil easier

b. acetone and 2-propanol

C=O and C-OH are similar, but the Hydrogen attached to Oxygen will favour H-bonding, which requires more energy to break

c. 1-propanol and 2-propanol

Linear molecules tend to have lower boiling points than branched molecules

d. water and methanol

Water has plenty of dipole moment and also hydrogen bonding, so this is much more higher than methanol