44. Write the balanced equation, then outline the steps necessary to determine t

Question

44. Write the balanced equation, then outline the steps necessary to determine the information requested in each of the following: (a) The number of moles and the mass of Mg required to react with 5.00 g of HCl and produce MgCl2 and H2. (b) The number of moles and the mass of oxygen formed by the decomposition of 1.252 g of silver(I) oxide. (c) The number of moles and the mass of magnesium carbonate, MgCO3, required to produce 283 g of carbon dioxide. (MgO is the other product.) (d) The number of moles and the mass of water formed by the combustion of 20.0 kg of acetylene, C2H2, in an excess of oxygen. (e) The number of moles and the mass of barium peroxide, BaO2, needed to produce 2.500 kg of barium oxide, BaO (O2 is the other product.) (f) The number of moles and the mass of ethylene required to react with H2O to produce 9.55 grams of C2OH5

Explanation / Answer

(a)

moles of HCl = 5 / 36.5 = 0.137

Mg + 2 HCl --------------> MgCl2 + H2

1 mol Mg -----------> 2 mol HCl

?? Mg -----------> 0.137 mol HCl

moles of Mg = 0.0685 mol

mass of Mg = 1.64 g

(b)

2 Ag2O ----------> 4 Ag+ + O2

moles of silver oxide = 1.252 / 231.7 = 5.4 x 10^-3

2 mol Ag2O ----------- 1 mol O2

5.4 x 10^-3 mol Ag2O --------- ??

moles of O2 = 2.70 x 10^-3 mol

mass of O2 = 0.0865 g

(c) The number of moles and the mass of magnesium carbonate, MgCO3, required to produce 283 g of carbon dioxide. (MgO is the other product.)

MgCO3 --------------> MgO + CO2

moles of CO2 = 283 / 44 = 6.432

1 mol MgCO3 --------- 1 mol CO2

moles of MgCO3 = 6.43 mol

mass of MgCO3 = 540 g

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