Explain why S has a lower electron affinity than Cl I has lower electron affinit

Question

Explain why S has a lower electron affinity than Cl I has lower electron affinity than Br B has a lower ionization energy than Be S has a lower ionization energy than P Select the best choice and explain: Largest radius: Na^+, Ne or F^-? Largest radius: Sc, Ti or V? Largest radius: Mg, Ca, Sr Highest ionization energy: Na, Mg or Al? Highest ionization energy: Fe, Fe^2+ or Fe^3+? Highest electron affinity: O, F or Ne? Highest electron affinity: Cl, Br or I? More electronegative: N or F? More polarizable: Cl or I? More polarizable: O or O^2-?

Explanation / Answer

1)

a) Electron affinity increases upward for the groups and from left to right across periods of a periodic table because the electrons added to energy levels become closer to the nucleus, thus a stronger attraction between the nucleus and its electrons.

So both S and Cl are at the same period.therefore S has a lower electron affinity than Cl.

b) both Br and I are in same group.and Br meets 1st than I.therefore I has a lower electron affinity.

c) Both ionization energy and electron affinity have similar trend in the periodic table. For example, just as ionization energy increases along the periods, electron affinity also increases. Likewise, electron affinity decreases from top to bottom due to the same factor. As described above, ionization energies are dependent upon the atomic radius. Since going from right to left on the periodic table, the atomic radius increases, and the ionization energy increases from left to right in the periods and up the groups.

But your statements are otherway round.

2)

a)all given species have same no of electrons.but when order with their nucleus charge (no of protons),

Na+ , Ne ,F-     so Na+ is the smallest one.so largest radius have F-.

b) atomic radius decreases from left to right across periods of a periodic table due to charge increase in the nucleus.so largest radius have Sc.

c) atomic radius increases from top to bottom along group in the periodic table due to increasing enery levels one by one. so largest radius have Sr.

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