Recent data show that Americans consume, on average, more than three times the r
ID: 442216 • Letter: R
Question
Recent data show that Americans consume, on average, more than three times the recommended level of sodium per day in their food and beverages. High salt intake contributes to high blood pressure and its complications—stroke, heart attack, congestive heart failure, and kidney failure. In fact, thousands of lives could be saved if sodium consumption could be lowered in people with hypertension (high blood pressure).
Question: Contrast how a health care plan might address this problem in its patient population using the medical model versus how a public health official would address this problem using the population health model.
Explanation / Answer
Public Health versus Medical Models of Professional Training
Public Health Model
Medical Model
Primary focus on population
Primary focus on the individual
Public service ethic, tempered by concerns for the individual
Personal service ethic, conditioned by awareness of social responsibilities
Emphasis on prevention and health promotion for the whole community
Emphasis on diagnosis, treatment, and care for the whole patient
Paradigm employs a spectrum of interventions aimed at the environment, human behavior and lifestyle, and medical care
Paradigm places predominant emphasis on medical care
Public Health Model
Medical Model
Primary focus on population
Primary focus on the individual
Public service ethic, tempered by concerns for the individual
Personal service ethic, conditioned by awareness of social responsibilities
Emphasis on prevention and health promotion for the whole community
Emphasis on diagnosis, treatment, and care for the whole patient
Paradigm employs a spectrum of interventions aimed at the environment, human behavior and lifestyle, and medical care
Paradigm places predominant emphasis on medical care
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