1. Goldstein, G., Oetting, E. R., Edwards, R., & Garcia-Mason, V. (1979). Drug u

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1. Goldstein, G., Oetting, E. R., Edwards, R., & Garcia-Mason, V. (1979). Drug use among Native American young adults. International Journal of the Addictions, 1979, 14(6), 855-860. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research

Young adult American Indian students at a postsecondary educational institute showed a very high level of use of all drugs when compared with other samples of college-age youth. Alcohol, marijuana, and amphetamines were drugs of choice; 31% had tried inhalants, though there was little present use; 10% were involved in a drug subculture, using multiple drugs relatively heavily. The authors' interpretation of these findings is that either the institution attracts drug users or young American Indians from relatively isolated environments have higher susceptibility to drugs when they enter an urban (non-reservation) culture.

2. Beauvais, F., Oetting, E. R., & Edwards, R. (1982). Boredom, poor self-image, lead young Indian girl to drugs. National Indian Health Board Health Reporter, 3(2), 5-6,9.

The article graphically describes a young Indian girl who has become involved with drugs. It illustrates the problems that are faced by many American Indian children.

3. Beauvais, F., & LaBoueff, S. (1985). Drug and alcohol abuse intervention in American Indian communities. International Journal of the Addictions, 20(1), 139-171.

Indian culture is vital and growing, but federal policy has helped lead to inertia in community action. A strong activist climate can be used to revitalize Indian culture. Alcoholism is a critical problem and drug abuse a serious problem. Interventions must attempt to restore traditional harmony with nature and include self-determination, bolstering of community spirit, and grass-roots involvement.

4. Oetting, E., & Beauvais, F. (1986a). Peer cluster theory: Drugs and the adolescent. Journal of Counseling and Development, 65(1), 17-22.

The authors review several theories advanced to explain adolescent drug use to provide background for describing peer cluster theory. Peer clusters — small subsets of peer groups, including pairs — dictate the shared beliefs, values, and behaviors that determine where, when, and with whom drugs are used and the role that drugs play in defining cluster membership. Peer cluster theory incorporates those psychosocial factors that promote or inoculate against drug use by youth.

5. Beauvais, F., & Oetting, E. R. (1988b). Inhalant abuse by young children. In R. A. Crider & B. A. Rouse (Eds.), Epidemiology of inhalant abuse: An update. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse. (Research Monograph No. 85)

Six published studies indicate that there is significant inhalant use by children younger than 12, particularly minority children. Nothing is known about the correlates of this use.

6. Beauvais, F., Oetting, E. R., Wolf, W., & Edwards, R. W. (1989). American Indian youth and drugs: 1975-1987 — A continuing problem. American Journal of Public Health, 79(5), 634-636.

Continuing surveillance of drug use among American Indian adolescents living on reservations show them to have rates of use higher than those of their non-Indian counterparts. Marijuana use is particularly high among Indian students. By the 7th grade a significant number of Indian youth have tried drugs, particularly marijuana and alcohol, and there are few significant differences by gender. Observed patterns of use indicate that intervention strategies need to begin in the elementary school years and target both males and females equally.

7. Beauvais, F. (1989). Limited notions of culture ensure research failure. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research, 2(3), 25-28.

Assuming that people will move from an "old" culture to a "new" one, losing one to gain the other, is inappropriate. The transition from one culture to another is not a zero-sum game. The perceived inadequacy of the Inupiat is shown by the nearly total absence of their participation in the research study. The project needed more time, a mechanism for utilization and professional rather than "press" release of data.

8. Beauvais, F. (1988). Inhalant abuse: A little understood behavior. Proceedings: Oklahoma Mental Health Research Institute 1988, Professional Symposium, Vol. 1, 47-53. Oklahoma City: Oklahoma Mental Health Research Institute.

This publication describes inhalant use and the three types of users: (1) inhalant dependent adults, (2) adolescent poly-drug users, and (3) young inhalant users. The effects of inhalants and the possibilities for treatment are discussed.

basically i need just small overview about this 8 research sources above the list

i need to create a document with each reference, document what you believe would be good or bad about it. This is not an annotated bibiography, but an overview of ALL of your research you have done thus far (good and bad).

Explanation / Answer

All research are on American Indian young group,s drug addiction.

First research is showing postsecondary students showed high level of drug usage than college age students and it might be because either institution attracting drug user or from isolated environment they have belong.

Second research is describing addiction of drugs in young Indian girls its because same problem faced by many American Indian children.

Third research says that alcoholism and drug abuse are serious and critical problem it can be resolved by strong activist climate. Interventions must attempt to restore traditional harmony with nature, self determination, and grass root involvement.

Fourth research finds that peer cluster and drug addiction are related. It shows that peer group who share belief, values and behaviour which determine where when and with whom drugs are used and it indicate psychosocial factors are promoting drug use.

Fifth research says minority children are addicted to drug which is not correlated with any behaviour.

Sixth research American Indian have more usage of drug than non Indian counterparts irrelevant of any age and gender. Non adult youth alredy tried drug in school age. So required action should be taken in school years in both gender equally

Seventh research is not come across any particular conclusion but it was based on culture transmission from Old to New.

Eightth research showing 3 types of inhalant use which are inhalant dependent adults, adolescent poly drug user and young inhalant users and also discussed possibities for treatment.

        In short all research study are on inhalant use of drug by Non adult children of American Indian group and possible action to resolve the matter..

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