Translation is the process of protein synthesis using mRNA produced during trans

Question

Translation is the process of protein synthesis using mRNA produced during transcription. The process involves three stages:

Initiation: Initiation begins when a small subunit of a ribosome combines with mRNA. The tRNA carrying the amino acid methionine forms a hydrogen bond with mRNA at the start codon, AUG. Then, the large ribosomal subunit and the small ribosomal subunit interlock around the mRNA to form a complete ribosome. With the first tRNA in place at the start codon, the protein synthesis initiates.

Elongation: A new tRNA carrying an amino acid arrives at the ribosome, at the next codon. If its anticodon matches the mRNA codon, it base-pairs and the ribosome joins the two amino acids together by a peptide bond. The ribosome then moves one triplet forward and a new tRNA carrying an amino acid arrives at the ribosome and the procedure repeats.

Termination: When the ribosome reaches one of the three stop codons, for example, UGA, there is no corresponding tRNA to this codon and hence it does not code for any amino acid. Instead, termination proteins bind to the ribosome and stimulate the release of the polypeptide chain, and the large and small ribosomal subunits separate from the mRNA.

Sort two features into each stage of translation they describe.

Place the appropriate items to their respective bins.

Explanation / Answer

First row:1,2,3 and 2nd row: 4,5,6

3, 5- initiation; 1, 6- elongation; 2, 4- termination

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