3. Consider the following research design issues of researchers that want to exa

Question

3. Consider the following research design issues of researchers that want to examine the benefits of seat belt use, particularly as they may reduce injury or death in car accidents. Think about the possibility of confounding factors as you reflect on each of the research design schemes a) In comparing accidents where passengers were wearing seat belts with those where they were not, should you consider the particular type of car, say sedan versus SUV? Explain why or why not? b) In comparing accidents should one consider only drivers of the vehicles or all passengery? Why or why not? c) In comparing accidents should one consider the severity of injury or whether merely an injury or death occurred? Why or why not? d) In comparing accidents should one consider the type of accident (eg head- on versus side impact) or not? Why or why not?

Explanation / Answer

3.a)The particular type of car would not be considered while comparing accidents with passengers wearing seatbelt and without wearing seat belt because seatbelt is compulsory for all the type of vehicles. It will help to ensure reduced rate of death due to road accidents and the death of the passengers may happen in any type of vehicle if they are not wearing seat belt.

b) In comparing the accidents one should consider all the passengers because the accidents would affect all the passengers in the vehicle. The driver would be having both seat belt and air bags and the passengers may be only wearing seatbelt. Hence the chances of causality are more for passengers comparing to the driver and the passengers also should be considered while comparing the accidents.

c) While comparing the accidents the severity of injury and the death occurred should be considered because the comparison of injuries would help to analyze the depth of the accident, the root causes and the effectiveness of the safety features of the vehicle including seat belt and air bags.

d) The type of accident should be considered because it will help to understand the reason for the accident and find out ways to avoid such accidents. The analysis will help to understand who was at fault and caused the accident. It will help to develop better strategies to avoid the type of accidents that occur due to certain common mistakes drivers do or to develop safety precautions that would help to avoid those accidents. It also helps to understand to what extend the seatbelts and airbags are effective in reducing the severities.

4. I would set my experiment by allowing the employees to prepare the shift timings for one week. I would give permission for the employees to select the days they want to work and their weekly off. But there are many challenges that may arise if I do so. When the employees are allowed to select their work timings there are chances of conflict among the employees. If more employees want to take weekly off on the same day it would affect the firm operations. Other employees would have to manage the full day work with less number of employees available. In the same way more than required number of employees may be present on particular days. This will affect the overall productivity of the firm.

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