Genetic engineers are trying to construct a new type of bacterial cell in which

Question

Genetic engineers are trying to construct a new type of bacterial cell in which one of the 20 amino acids, alanine, is replaced by a synthetic amino acid, taurine in all polypeptides made by that cell. What single enzyme would they have to change in order to accomplish this? RNA polymerase amino acyl tRNA synthetase primase peptidyl transferase A mutation occurs in DNA resulting in synthesis of a truncated peptide (the truncated peptide is NH2-met-phe-COOl-l instead of Nl-12-met-phe-trp-lysCOOFl). What is the most likely cause of this mutation? a mutation occurred in the gene encoding the peptide, changing one of the internal codons to TAG a mutation occurred in the origin for the gene encoding the peptide, which prevented translation from starting at the right nucleotide a mutation occurred in the promoter for the gene encoding this peptide causing RNA polynerase to terminate transcription prematurely a mutation occurred in the gene encoding one of the ribosomal proteins causing the ribosome to terminate translation early a mutation occurred in the gene encoding the peptide, changing the sequence on the template strand of the gene to TAG Imagine that a new species of bacteria is isolated from the Mars Maven Mission. This species of bacteria contains the same nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) as found in all living cells on earth. Scientists are trying to determine if its genetic code is the same seen as that of other bacteria found here on earth such as E. coil. Which experiment would be MOST useful to clarify this? isolate DNA from the new bacteria and compare the gene sequences to E. coil gene sequences isolate mRNA from that new bacteria and try to translate it using the protein translation machinery from E. coil isolate an mRNA from the new bacteria and compare the amino acid sequences that result when that mRNA is translated in both the new bacteria and in E. coil isolate proteins from the new bacteria and compare the amino acid sequences to amino acid sequences in E. coil proteins Imagine that a new species of bacteria is isolated from the Mars Maven Mission. This species of bacteria contains the same nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) as found in all living cells on earth. Scientists are trying to determine if its genetic code is the same seen as that of other bacteria found here on earth such as E. coil. Which experiment would be MOST useful to clarify this? isolate DNA from the new bacteria and compare the gene sequences to E. coil gene sequences isolate mRNA from that new bacteria and try to translate it using the protein translation machinery from E. coil isolate an mRNA from the new bacteria and compare the amino acid sequences that result when that mRNA is translated in both the new bacteria and in E. coil isolate proteins from the new bacteria and compare the amino acid sequences to amino acid sequences in E. coil proteins

Explanation / Answer

Answer D is correct: A mutation occurred in the gene encoding one of the ribosomal proteins causing the ribosome to terminate translation early

NH2-met-   phe-    trp- lys   COOH

       AUG- UUU- UGG- AAA

Non sense mutation may change the Trp codon (UGG) to UGA or UAG by changing the second or third base of Trp i.e G with A. These stop code results in the termination of the translation .

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