Kader Industrial (Thailand) Company Limited At 4.30 pm, May 10, 1993, at Kader I
ID: 396750 • Letter: K
Question
Kader Industrial (Thailand) Company Limited At 4.30 pm, May 10, 1993, at Kader Industrial (Thailand) Company Limited, a doll factory, where there were thousands of workers producing dolls and it was half an hour to be a time to go home. The fire occurred and spread throughout the factory. There were 188 deaths and 469 disabled workers. The property damage was estimated to be around thousand million baht. Bua Jaisaart, the survivor from that accident, said that the main causes of other fellow workers' death were that 1) the guards shut the exit door to avoid any shoplifting. That's why so many workers could not get out of the place because the other door was burning. 2) There was no fire exit. 3) The stairs were small. 4) There was not a good safety system and the company never provided any fire-training program. Eak, another worker, said that he worked with this factory for three years. But he made only 125 baht per day. In case of sick leave or personal leave, the workers would not get paid. The wage paid every two weeks. He made around 1,700-1,800 Baht. The working hour was 8 am-5 pm. When the factory received lots of raw materials, the workers required working overtime. Many workers worked until 10-11 pm. The latest time was until midnight. For Eak, he got 21 baht per hour for overtime payment. Many workers relied on the overtime money since they did not have any other source of income. That's why so many workers were there during the accident. "Kom Chat Leuk" had interviewed Mr. Jadet Chaovilai and Mrs. Angkana Intasa, who work as coordinators at Puan Ying Foundation, to clarify how the accident occurred. These people have claimed for the Kader workers' justice through the last ten years. Jadet said that many workers agreed that the factory owner just only cared about his own benefit without caring about workers' safety. When they got a lot of orders, the company would force all workers not to take a leave or absence; they even forced workers to work overtime. He said, "don't even think about building fire exit; the workers were notExplanation / Answer
a) In my views, the best theory of accident causation suitable for this case is the Multiple Causation Theory.
The Multiple Causation Theory is an extension of the Domino Theory, which highlights the fact that multiple factors and causes can be responsible for the occurrence of an accident. The factors can be divided into 2 groups:
In the given case, the accident was the result of the combined influence of the behavioral and environmental factors.
The behavioral factors in the given case, which led to the accident, are:
The environmental factors in the given case, which led to the accident, are:
b) The company owner and the top management are responsible for this accident. The manager and the top management needed to be cautious about the working conditions of the workers in the factory. There was no importance given to safety and security of the workers. The company had the tendency to over-exploit the workers. A factory setting must have a strong foundation and stringent safety measures. However they were completely ignored by the company and the owner. All these factors added to the impact of the accident.
c) To prevent the occurrence of a similar event in future, the company needs to follow the given points:
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