will be typed, must include cover page, references included. t n earn up to 5% t
ID: 388766 • Letter: W
Question
will be typed, must include cover page, references included. t n earn up to 5% towards your final grade: Read a business publication- The Economist, Forbes, Fortune, Business Week, Harvard Business Review, Working Woman,etc ou will type a summary of the following: Chowe Topr'c 1. What the article was about. Provide a copy of it. 2. Relate to the course concepts. Tean Provide your personal assessment of the topie. Topies may include and are not limited to: You should choose 4 out of the 10. 3. a. Corporate Pay (Wages, salaries, compensation) b. Benefits, c. How to motivate, d. Lead and Communicate with employees; e. Changes in the workplace, f. Generational Differences, g. The Environment, h. New Training Programs, i. Ethics and Social Responsibility, j. Technology Issues. k. Management styles L Disciplines m. Any of the topics, terminology discussed in class. beExplanation / Answer
The Wage and hour division within the department of labor is responsible for administering and enforcing all federal child labor laws as specified within the Fair labor standards act. The FLSA specifies the minimum age for employment as 14 years for non agricultural jobs, along with clear restrictions for the number of hours that youth under the age of 16 work with the prohibition for employment of youth under the age of 18 in hazardous occupations. Goals this legislation is meant to achieve is to ensure that children who are the future citizens of every nation are not deprived of educational opportunities which can result in a lifetime of poverty due to them becoming unemployable, along with the protection of their health and ensuring the safety of every child. This is meant to ensure that youth are not employed in jobs that are detrimental to their health and safety which may result in impacting the quality of life in the earliest stage of life along with having a psychological impact regarding work and employment. Certain States have different rules and Standards regulating employment of youth and when there is a discrepancy between Federal and state standards the rules affording maximum protection to young workers are applicable.
However, legislatures however stringent they may be, cannot replace what ethical values and the conscience of a society as a whole is required to implement. Every individual is responsible for the safety and well being of the earth, the environment and all other living beings as a moral duty of care not not only legal. Being Human is a most important ethical value of compassion towards all living beings including nature and environment. This becomes more relevant in the context of global organisations due to their massive outreach and widespread impact of their actions on society and future generations. Unless the future citizens of the earth are mentally, emotionally and physically healthy and able, we are creating a disastrous situation which can lead to destruction and deterioration of society and all the related rules and regulations by such negligence which results in irretrievable damage to the quality of life of a section of the youth.
The question is not of a company like Apple Incorporated or any such Global giant. The question is of an individual or organisation which employed and continues to employ children even as young as 5 years old in factories for handling materials which cause extensive harm to their health. The profitability and personal financial gain from this action is of paramount value overriding all ethical considerations. It is essential that the conscience of individuals and Society be awakened to enable them to hold ethical values over any financial gains.
Business Ethics, as the term clearly denotes, is application of moral principles and behaviour within corporations and businesses, and their implementation in every decision and action undertaken by them. Morality and ethics is of paramount importance within the corporate environment, considering the massive cascading effect and the widespread influence of actions and decisions of some corporates, on not only their large employee base, but also upon society as a whole. It can effectively impact in a major way or ruin, thousands of lives, with a single immoral decision or unethical action.. Such decisions and actions may be based on various factors influencing personal gain be it monetary or otherwise.
Every organisation is implementing the values of its management, they do not have a true identity which is capable of taking decisions and committing acts. Once ethics and morality become an integral part of individuals no organisation can commit heinous crimes against humanity especially children who are defenseless in protecting themselves. If laws were successful in bringing about social reforms and curtailing crime, wind stringent emulated across the world crimes should have ceased decades ago. However, we are well aware that crime at every level is rising. This is a result of laxity in moral and ethical values within society. Once human beings learn the art of Being Human once again, such trespasses shall become rare or cease.
This is the article, similar reports are available in all major newspapers, if required.
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/jan/25/apple-child-labour-supply
Wong/AP
Apple has discovered multiple cases of child labour in its supply chain, including one Chinese company that employed 74 children under the age of 16, in the latest controversy over the technology giant's manufacturing methods.
An internal audit found a flipside to the western consumer's insatiable thirst for innovative and competitively priced gadgets. It uncovered 106 cases of underage labour being used at Apple suppliers last year and 70 cases historically. The report follows a series of worker suicides over working conditions at Foxconn, the Taiwanese company that assembles must-have products such as the iPad and iPhone, and lethal explosions at other plants.
Apple's annual supplier report – which monitors nearly 400 suppliers – found that children were employed at 11 factories involved in making its products. A number of them had been recruited using forged identity papers.
The report uncovered a catalogue of other offences, ranging from mandatory pregnancy tests, to bonded workers whose wages are confiscated to pay off debts imposed by recruitment agencies. They also found cases of juveniles being used to lift heavy goods, workers having their wages docked as a punishment and one factory dumping waste oil in the toilets.
One Chinese supplier, a circuit board component maker called Guangdong Real Faith Pingzhou Electronics, was axed by Apple after 74 children under the age of 16 were recruited to work on its production lines. According to Apple, the children had been knowingly supplied by one of the region's largest labour agencies, Shenzhen Quanshun Human Resources. Its investigators found that the agency conspired with families to forge identification documents. Apple did not disclose the ages of the children involved, but its code of conduct states it will not employ workers under the age of 15, or under the legal working age in any jurisdiction – which is 16 in China.
Apple's chief executive, Tim Cook, who in a previous role was responsible for building Apple's supply chain, has been under pressure to push through changes after the suicides at Foxconn, whose manufacturing operations are largely based in China. Last September a brawl involving up to 2,000 workers forced Foxconn to close a plant in northern China.
Last year he described the use of underage labour as "abhorrent", saying it was "extremely rare in our supply chain", and stepped up measures to weed out bad practice including hiring an independent auditor, the Fair Labor Association.
"Underage labour is a subject no company wants to be associated with, so as a result I don't believe it gets the attention it deserves, and as a result it doesn't get fixed like it should," said Jeff Williams, senior vice president of operations at Apple. He vowed to eradicate the practice, but said it could take some time.
At Pingzhou, the children were returned to their families and the employer was "required to pay expenses to facilitate their successful return". Although 95% of the facilities scrutinised by Apple complied with child labour laws, transgressors were told to return minors to a school chosen by their family, pay for their education, and give them an income equal to their factory wages.
Bonded labour was discovered at eight factories. In order to find work, some foreign labourers pay fees to a string of recruitment agencies and sub-agencies, amassing huge debts. Their wages are then automatically handed over to pay the debts, tying them to jobs until the balance has been paid off.
Apple ordered its suppliers to reimburse excessive recruitment fees – anything higher than one month's wages – and said $6.4m (£4m) was handed back to contract workers in 2012.
Investigators found 90 facilities that deducted wages to punish workers, prompting Apple to order the reimbursement of employees. Mandatory pregnancy testing was found at 34 places of work, while 25 tested for medical conditions such as hepatitis B. At four facilities, payroll records were falsified to hide information from auditors, and at one, a supplier was found intentionally dumping waste oil "into the restroom receptacle".
Apple said it took measures to protect whistleblowers, and that it made 8,000 calls last year to workers interviewed by auditors in order to find out if they had suffered intimidation.
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