400–600 words that respond to the following questions with your thoughts, ideas,

Question

400–600 words that respond to the following questions with your thoughts, ideas, and comments. Be substantive and clear, and use examples to reinforce your ideas: The discussion assignment for this week will be about network protocols. Many network protocols have been used, and new protocols are entering the network marketplace constantly. Conduct research using the library and the Internet for information about network protocols. Select at least 2 protocols for discussion. Describe the protocols, and provide examples of where they might be effectively used. What strengths make each protocol suitable to the example application?

Explanation / Answer

Protocols in the context of Computer Science is a set of rules or procedures that can be used between two or more devices to communicate with each other. So a network protocol defines rules for communication between network devices. There are various types of network devices like computers, mobile phones, wireless routers, etc. To establish an efficient and accurate communication between such diverse set of devices, we need network protocols.

There are various network protocols each with a different purpose. There are Internet protocols like TCP, UDP, HTTP. There are routing protocols like EIGRP, OSPF. There is Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) used for accessing email on the remote server.

Protocols for discussion:

(a) HTTP (b) FTP

HTTP

HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It is used for fetching resources from the remote web servers. HTTP is a client server protocol and it is the foundation on which the concept of Client and Server functions.

A client could be anyone. A web browser, a mobile application, a python script. A client sends a request to the server asking for some resource and the server responds with a response.

HTTP is an application layer protocol that is sent over TCP. HTTP is extensible therefore along with HTML documents, it can also be used for fetching images, videos from the remote server.

HTTP is a stateless protocol. It means that there is no relation between 2 requests that are sent on the same connection. Each request is independent.

HTTP Messages:

HTTP messages are of 2 types:

1) Requests

Request is a message that is sent by the client to server. It consists of: Method, Path, Version, Optional headers, body

Methods define the action the client intends to perform. GET method is used for fetching the resources from the remote server. POST method is used for posting data to the remote server.

Path is the path of the resource the client wants.

2) Response

HTTP response is the message that is sent by the server to the client. It consists of: Version of the http protocol, Status code, Status Message, etc.

There are various types of status codes each having its own meaning. A status code of 200 is used for Success. Status message is a description of the status code.

HTTP protocol is very important and useful because of a lot of features that it provides to the modern web applications and servers. Some of them are:

1) Sessions

HTTP provides sessions that has become a must in any modern web application.

2) Authentication

HTTP provides various authentication schemes.

3) Different methods

HTTP provides different methods for different jobs like GET, POST, POST, DELETE.

FTP

FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. Internet consists of many protocols besides HTTP such as POP, IMAP, FTP, XMPP and FTP is one of them. Simply stated, it is used for transferring files online.

FTP consists of an FTP Client and a server. The FTP server provides access to a directory. Users can connect to FTP servers by using FTP clients.

Examples of FTP Clients:

Filezilla, Fire FTP, Dreamweaver.

It is very easy to set up your own FTP server on your laptops, mobile phones, etc. You can use this for sharing files between different devices.

FTP is used for transferring one file at a time (client to server or server to client)

FTP Commands:

USER, PASS, PWD, LIST, QUIT, RMD, etc

FTP works on FTP sessions where the client initiates a control TCP connection with the server. The control connection remains active throughout the FTP connection.

FTP protocol is one of the oldest protocols. It provides the right tools for doing the file transfer operations. It provides many features like ability to resume a file transfer, the ability to schedule a transfer, etc which are very important features required in various file transfer applications.

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