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(a) The cycle time of a microprocessor is the time for one complete clock cycle.

ID: 3853620 • Letter: #

Question

(a) The cycle time of a microprocessor is the time for one complete clock cycle. For example, if the clock frequency of a microprocessor is 2 million cycles per second (2 MHz), then each cycle takes 500 ns (500 billionths of a second). Compare the cycle time of a microprocessor running at 2 MHz with one running at 50 MHz, 500 MHz, and 2 GHz. (b) If a certain 80 times 86 instruction requires four clock cycles to execute, how long does the instruction take to execute if the processor clock speed is 25 MHz? Repeat for a clock speed of 800 MHz.

Explanation / Answer

a) 2MHz:

2*(10^6) clock cycles per second

so each clock cycle takes = 1/(2*(10^6)) seconds = 500ns

50MHz

50*(10^6) clock cycles per second

so each clock cycle takes = 1/(50*(10^6)) seconds = 20ns

500MHz

500*(10^6) clock cycles per second

so each clock cycle takes = 1/(500*(10^6)) seconds = 2ns

2GHz

2*(10^9) clock cycles per second

so each clock cycle takes = 1/(2*(10^9)) seconds = 0.5ns

b) Given instruction takes 4 clock cycles

1. In 25MHz processor each clock cycle takes 40ns so given instruction takes 4 clock cycles so

total time for given instruction using 25MHz processor = 4*40 =160 ns

2. In 800MHz processor each clock cycle takes 1.25ns so given instruction takes 4 clock cycles so

total time for given instruction using 800MHz processor = 4*1.25 =5 ns