Symbols of culture are called artifacts. Artifacts are the most visible and acce
ID: 385225 • Letter: S
Question
Symbols of culture are called artifacts. Artifacts are the most visible and accessible level of culture. These include behaviors, stories, rituals (everyday practices that are repeated frequently), and symbols (e.g., company logos, company colors). For example, the president of a company volunteering at Habitat for Humanity is an artifact of culture. Observable artifacts Espoused values (These are what organizational members say they value, like ethical practice.) Enacted values (These are reflected in the way individuals actually behave.)
Explanation / Answer
Articraft Definition:
"Articrafts are defined as the symbols, objects or designs that are man-made and they are formed inorder to reperesent a culture or civiliazation".These are designed to represent the organizations values and code of ethics.
Eg: i) The shape and the metal of currency coins used in olden days used to be different when compared to present generation currency.
ii) The clothing style of Western country people is different from that of Asian country people.
iii) For Africans yellow represents danger according to their culture.
iv)For spanish people '13 red red roses' represent love according to their culture.
Sources of articrafts:
The articrafts can be identified are resembled from:
1)Autobiographies: The autobiographies represent or picture the past scenario and creates an environment of the past.
2)Oral histories: These are the statements outspoken by the human beings of the past events. These are generally demonstarted in certain situations with a proof of visual or audio recordings.
3) Gepographical representations:They reprsent the land area and geographical boundaries of a region.
Eg: Maps
Types of articrafts
The different types of articrafts are :
1) Observable articrafts:
i)These are directly observable elements of a culture or organizations.
ii) Every employee in an organization desire to represent themselves as a part of organization by following observable articraft.
Eg:a) Every organization resembles itself with a different logo (or) the mission statement or vision statement of an organization represnts a completely different and unique purpose.
b) The festivals celebrated in different parts of world represent their unique culture.
c) The difference of food habits also resemble unique culture.
2) Espoused Values:"Espoused values means the basic standards are values on which an organization is based.The goals,objectives, organizational values and standards are called together as esposed values."
i) The organization acheives its goal through espoused values.
ii) These guide the organization through a proper channel.
3) Enacted values: "Encated value can be defined as the basic underlying values that guide the behviour of an human being or employee in organization".
i) These are the beliefs, thoughts, perceptions or beliefs that are taken for granted.
The organizational cultural levels of Edgard Schein explains the three levels of culture.
Edgard Schein model of culture:
Culture : "Culture is defined as a system of shared meaning ."
According to E.Schein, the culture emerges in three stages, i.e., articrafts to espoused values and to enacted values and viceversa.
Articrafts-----------Espoused value-------Enacted Values
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