You are the lead network engineer for a large manufacturing company that has 16
ID: 3834044 • Letter: Y
Question
You are the lead network engineer for a large manufacturing company that has 16 datacenters, over 300 offices around the world, and over 180,000 employees. Your company has grown over the past 30 years through dozens of acquisitions, and each acquisition used different products and made very inefficient use of the RFC 1918 private IP ranges, so that you have actually exhausted all the private IP ranges. Your manager is panicking. She asks you to put together a high-level transition plan that will accommodate the next merger and eventually replace IPv4 with IPv6 across the whole company. In the plan, include a list of the technologies you intend to use and how and when.
Explanation / Answer
Answer :
As because, this organisation's present network seanario seems to be untrusted , so that Tunneling need to be opetd for network migration where the new protocol can work without disturbing the old protocol, thus providing connectivity between users of the new protocol.
Please follow the detail discussion below of Network Migration Technologies:
Dual-stack network, Tunneling, and Translation.
.
Although dual-stack may appear to be an ideal solution, it presents two major deployment challenges to enterprises and ISPs:
• It requires a current network infrastructure that is capable of deploying IPv6. In many cases, however, the current network may not be ready and may require hardware and software upgrades.
• IPv6 needs to be activated on almost all the network elements. To meet this requirement, the existing network may need to be redesigned, posing business continuity challenges.
When the Dual stack technology should be opted ?
This method is common for businesses looking to slowly convert their existing devices from IPv4 to IPv6. These companies can configure their routing infrastructure to support both IPv4 and IPv6 but bring their other network devices over to IPv6 at a slower pace.
2 .Tunneling
Tunneling has two disadvantages :
• Users of the new architecture cannot use the services of the underlying infrastructure.
• Tunneling does not enable users of the new protocol to communicate with users of the old protocol without dual-stack hosts, which negates interoperability.
When & which scenario the Tunneling technology should be opted?
For example, many companies use IPsec or Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) tunnels to secure information when it is being transmitted over an untrusted network.
Bellow Table lists some commonly available tunneling methods and their suggested usage.
Tunneling Method
Suggested Usage
Manual
Used to provide a point-to-point IPv6 link over an existing IPv4 network; only supports IPv6 traffic.
GRE
Used to provide a point-to-point IPv6 link over an existing IPV4 network; supports multiple protocols, including IPv6.
6to4
Used to provide a point-to-multipoint IPv6 link over an existing IPv4 network; sites must use IPv6 addresses from the 2002::/16 range.
6rd (or 6RD)
Used to provide a point-to-multipoint IPv6 link over an existing IPv4 network; sites can use IPv6 addresses from any range.
ISATAP
Used to provide point-to-multipoint IPv6 links over an existing IPv4 network. Designed to be used between devices inside the same site.
3.Translation:
AFT is not a long-term support strategy; it is a medium-term coexistence strategy that can be used to facilitate a long-term program of IPv6 transition by both enterprises and ISPs.
Translation offers two major advantages :
• Translation provides a gradual migration to IPv6 by providing seamless Internet experience to greenfiled IPv6-only users, accessing IPv4 Internet services.
• Existing content providers and content enablers can provide services transparently to IPv6 Internet users by using translation technology, with little or no change in the existing network infrastructure, thus maintaining IPv4 business continuity.
Specific protocols such as File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) that embed IP address information within the payload require application-layer gateway (ALG) support for translation.
What happens when an IPv6-only device is attempting to communicate with a device on the public IPv4 Internet and only an IPv4 DNS record exists?
The first method to be introduced to provide IPv6 translation services was Network Address Translation - Protocol Translation (NAT-PT). NAT-PT defined a mechanism to not only translate between IPv4 to IPv6 addresses but also a built-in ability to provide protocol translation services for Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Domain Name System (DNS). The component that was responsible for these translation services is called the application layer gateway (ALG).
The selection of an IPv6 transition mechanism depends greatly on the current status of an organization’s network and how fast they want to transition their devices from IPv4 to IPv6. Those organizations with cutting-edge technology and small staffs will probably be the first person in line to transition over to IPv6. Those larger companies that have tens of thousands of network devices will most likely transition a piece at a time following the experience level of each department.
The process of converting networks from IPv4 to IPv6 will shortly become a large-scale request, and those with the correct skills will be in demand, a fact even more important in the current economy.
Tunneling Method
Suggested Usage
Manual
Used to provide a point-to-point IPv6 link over an existing IPv4 network; only supports IPv6 traffic.
GRE
Used to provide a point-to-point IPv6 link over an existing IPV4 network; supports multiple protocols, including IPv6.
6to4
Used to provide a point-to-multipoint IPv6 link over an existing IPv4 network; sites must use IPv6 addresses from the 2002::/16 range.
6rd (or 6RD)
Used to provide a point-to-multipoint IPv6 link over an existing IPv4 network; sites can use IPv6 addresses from any range.
ISATAP
Used to provide point-to-multipoint IPv6 links over an existing IPv4 network. Designed to be used between devices inside the same site.
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