(a) Explain the benefits of the virtual memory technique. (b) Explain the concep
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Question
(a) Explain the benefits of the virtual memory technique. (b) Explain the concept of locality of reference. (c) Consider a (RISC) machine that uses 4KB pages and 4-byte instructions, and assume that a process switch just occurred. If the running process references an instruction that is in main memory, it takes 10 mu s to load into the IR. If the referenced instruction is on the hard disk, it takes on average 100 ms to load into main memory. The initial probability (after the process switch) that a referenced instruction is in main memory is 0.1. How many microseconds does it take to load the first referenced instruction into the IR on average? Explain how the situation changes for the second instruction, and give an estimate for the average load time in milliseconds for this case. (You can assume that the first instruction referenced is not a jump and you can ignore the loading time from main memory into the IR in this case.)Explanation / Answer
A) Benefits of Virtual Memory :
b) Concept of Locality Reference :
Locality Reference is also called principle of locality.
When same value or their refernced memory are frequently used then Locality Reference comes into play.
Types of reference locality:
When same values or related storage locations are frequently used in very less time duration then it comes under Temporal locality.
If in duration of time data is used and data is present in near by address location then it comes under Spatial locality.
Sequential locality is comes under Spatial locality but here adress location are squentional. Array is the example of Sequential locality
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