Operating Systems Questions please help 1. What are the advantages of using dedi

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Operating Systems Questions please help

1. What are the advantages of using dedicated hardware devices forrouters and gateways? What are the disadvantages of using these devices compared with using general-purpose computers?

2. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of caching name translations for computers located in remote domains.

3. Is it always crucial to know that the message you have sent has arrived at its destination safely? If your answer is “yes,” explain why. If your answer is “no,” give appropriate examples.

4. The original HTTP protocol used TCP/IP as the underlying network protocol. For each page, graphic, or applet, a separate TCP session was constructed, used, and torn down. Because of the overhead of building and destroying TCP/IP connections, performance problems resulted from this implementation method. Would using UDP rather than TCP be a good alternative? What other changes could you make to improve HTTP performance?

5. In what ways is using a nameserver better than using static host tables? What problems or complications are associated with name servers? What methods could you use to decrease the amount of traffic nameservers generate to satisfy translation requests?

Explanation / Answer

1. The advantages of using dedicated hardware devices for routers and gateways is that they are very fast. Using a general-purpose computer for a router or gateway means that routing functionality is provided in software—which is not as fast as providing the functionality directly in hardware. A disadvantage is that routers or gateways as dedicated devices may be more costly than using off-the-shelf components that comprise a modern personal computer.

2. There are various advantages of caching name translations such as:- repeated resolution of the same name from differentc omputers located in the local domain could be performed locally without requiring a remote name look up operation. The disadvantage is that there could be inconsistencies in the name translations when updates are made in the mapping of names to IP addresses.

3. No. Many status-gathering programs work from the assumption that packets may not be received by the destination system. These programs generally broadcast a packet and assume that at least some other systems on their network will receive the information. This information might be used for process migration target selection.

4. Despite the connectionless nature of UDP, it is not a serious alternative to TCP for the HTTP. The problem with UDP is that it is unreliable, documents delivered via the web must be delivered reliably. One possibility is to modify how TCP connections are used. Rather than setting up—and breaking down—a TCP connection for every web resource, allow persistent connections where a single TCP connection stays open and is used to deliver multiple web resources.

5. Name server is better than using static host tables is as follows:-

Problems and complications associated with anme servers are as:-

Caching is the only way to decrease the amount of traffic nameservers generate to satisfy translation requests.

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