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Q1: How can Internet technologies help a business form strategic alliances with its customers, suppliers, and others? Q2: Explain how information technology can be used to implement the five basic competitive strategies. Support your answer with examples covering each strategy. Q3: Using your own words, Explain how could companies apply "Raise Barriers to Entry" concept to discourage or delay other companies from entering the market. Q4: What is the basic difference between direct and sequential memory access? Elaborate two basic points for each type of memory access. Give one example for each type as wellExplanation / Answer
1) Use of computers to store,retrieve, transmit and manipulate information is termed as Information technology(IT). It is considered to be part of information and communications technologies. Information technology helps business to form strategic alliances with customers, suppliers and others. These business linkages and alliances helps big comapnies to communicate and share information. With strategic alliances organisations are able to provide better quality products and services to customers in efficient,responsive and flexible way.
2) Information technology change the way of businesses compete. For this reason, we should view information systems strategically. There are many competitive strategies can be developed to help the firm to confront competitive forces. These are:
a) Cost Leadership Strategy : This strategy helps to produces products at lower prices and find ways to reduce cost at customer and supplier level, also leads to increase the costs of competitors.
b) Differentiation Strategy : This strategy targets to develop ways to differentiate products and services from competitors and to reduce differentiation advantages of competitors.
c) Innovative Strategy : This strategy helps to find new ways for business like developing new products and services and finding new ways of producing products/services etc.
d) Growth strategy : This leads to significant expand of company's capacity to produce goods and services to expand into global markets and merge into related products and services.
e) Alliance Strategies : The purpose of this strategy is to establish new business linkages and alliances with customers, suppliers, competitors, consultants and other companies.
3) Barriers to Entry are hindrances that make difficult to enter into market. These may contain technology challenges, government regulation,start up cost etc. Primary barrier to entry is the cost that forms an economic barrier to entry on its own. Supportive barrier refers to cost that doesn't include barrier to entry by itself. An antitrust barrier to entry is the cost that delays entry and thereby reduces social welfare. All barriers to entry are antitrust barriers to entry, but the converse is not true.Entry Barriers are generally operate on asymmetry principle, where different firms have different strategies, assets, capabilities, access, etc. If all firms were symmetrical, then there would be nothing to choose between two and competition would not exist. Therefore, barriers are very crucial in creating a market and fostering competition.
4) Sequential memory access read stored data sequentially. It is used as secondary storage due to higher density at lower cost.
Direct Memory access allows certain hardware system to access main system independently of the CPU.
Magnetic tape has only sequential access, but Compact Disks have direct access. If we are in train, to go from one car to another then we must use sequential access. But when we board the train initially we have direct access. Direct access is faster than sequential access, but it requires some external mechanism.
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