Please answer all of the following questions in the picture. Thanks! 1. What is

Question

Please answer all of the following questions in the picture. Thanks!

1. What is the purpose of tier-1 and tier-2 ISPs? What is the purpose of ac- cess ISPs? 2. What is the DNS? 3. What bit pattern is represented by 3.6.9 in dotted decimal notation? Express the bit pattern 0001010100011100 using dotted decimal notation. 4. In what way is the structure of a mnemonic address of a computer on the Internet (such as r2d2.compsc.nowhereu.edu) similar to a tradi- tional postal address? Does this same structure occur in IP addresses? 5. Name three types of servers found on the Internet and tell what each does. 6. Why is SSH considered superior to telnet? 7. In what way do the P2P and multicast approaches to Internet radio broadcast differ from N-unicast? 8. What criteria should one consider when choosing one of the four types of VoIP?

Explanation / Answer

1) An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company that provides Internet access. There are 3 levels of ISP's i.e, tier 1, tier 2, and tier 3 providers. All 3 play an important role in providing Internet access.

purpose of tier 1 ISP:

Tier 1 Internet service providers are the networks that provide the pillars of the Internet.They provide traffic to all other Internet providers, not end users. Without tier 1 Internet providers, Internet traffic could not be exchanged between continents and countries.

purpose of tier 2 ISP:

A tier 2 ISP is an Internet service provider who connects between tier 1 and tier 3 Internet service providers.

purpose of accessing ISP's:

When accessing a website or application, you obviously need Internet access. Accessing the Internet connection requires an Internet service provider (ISP).

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2) DNS: The TCP/IP protocol identifies entities that are connected to the Internet using their own unique IP addresses. These addresses being numeric are difficult to remember for the users as compared to their names, therefore, a system was needed that can change a name to an address and vice versa. Domain Name System (DNS) is such a system that is used to map the user-friendly host names to their IP addresses and vice versa. This system is used extensively over the Internet and other private businesses.

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3) 3.6.9 can be written as:

000000110000011000001001

0001010100011100 can be written in dotted decimal notation as:

21.28

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5) Three types of servers found on the Internet are:

a. Domain Server: Authenticates and authorizes systems and users to access resources within the logical domain.

b. Database Server: Manages common databases for the network, handling all data storage, database management and requests for data.

c. File Server: Stores network users' data files.

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6)  SSH works for the user almost like telnet except that it is a lot better and a lot more secure.

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