1. Data and Signals (30 %) What are the three basic components of analog signals
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1. Data and Signals (30 %) What are the three basic components of analog signals and how do the signals behave with their changes? (Include signal equations, diagrams and explanations) What is the frequency in Hertz of a signal that repeats YX, XXX times within one minute? What is its period, data rate and wavelength? (Where Y is the first number digit and X is the number of Os in your student id) What is the bandwidth of a signal composed of frequencies from YO Hz to YO0 Hz and data rate? (Where Y is the last number in your student id) A signal starts at point X. As it travels to point Y, it loses A dB. At point Y, the signal is boosted by B bB. As the signal travels to point Z, it loses C dB. What is the dB strength of the signal at point Z? (Where A, B and C the first three numbers in your student ID) a. b. c. d. 2. Signal Encoding (40%) Create a bit stream with 0s and 1s from your student id: Replace the numbers with 1 and leave the Os as is. Sketch the diagram for the following encoding format. NRZ-L b) NRZI Take the second half from the bit pattern from the question 5.6 If your student id ends with even number, otherwise take the first half. Encode this data using ASK, BFSK and PBSK What is QAM? Explain with examples. a. b. c) Bipolar-AMI d) Manchester c. d. 3. Network Model (30 %) Select an industry or a business what you know better (especially how It works). Identify activities and design a protocol suit Application Layer a. b. i. List of all of header names within the request and response of HTTP protocol. Briefly write down their functions C. TCP Suppose there is a small commercial retail building in your town that has essentially one room. On one side of the room is a real estate agency and on the other side of the room is a guy who sells tea. What is the relationship between this setup and the concept of IP addresses with TCP port numbers? What are the principal functions of TCP and what would happen in computer communication without this layer? i. ii.Explanation / Answer
3.
b.
a) FORM : It gives the name of requesting user , and it may used for logging pruposes and for some insecure form of accessing protection
b) ACCEPT : This field contains a semi colon seperated list representation schemes which are accepted in the response to the request.
c) WILDCARDS : Used to save time and to allow clients to receive content types which they might not aware, an '*' may used in place of either the 2nd half or both halves of content type. It is only applies to ACCEPT: fiels and not to the content type field of course.
d) TYPE PERAMETERS : Perameter on the content type are really useful to describe better about resolution and color depth etc..
example: dpi - dots per inch :pixels per inch [cm?!]
pxmax - maximum width in pixel (image or video etc..)
pymax - maximum heigth in pixel
sps - samples or frames per second
length - total length of object in bytes
e) ACCEPT ENCODING : it list the content encoding types which are acceptable in the response except that it is similar to ACCEPT.
f) ACCEPT LANGUAGE : It is also similar to the accept but it list all thelanguages which are preferable in the response
g) USER AGENT : It is for stastical purpose and tracking of protocol violation. The 1st white space delimeter name must be the software product name
h) REFER : It is an optional header field which allows the client to specify for , server benifits, the address of document from which the URI in request is obtained
i) Authorization : If this line is present it contains authorization information
j) PGM/PGE encryption : it has user/password scheme and kerberos 2 methos
k) Charge To : it contains the account info for the costs of the application of the methods requested.
l) If-Modified-Science:date : used by get method. if the request document is not change science the time specified in the field the document will not sent insted it sent not modified replay.
m)pragma : syntax is same as other multi value field in HTTP, pragma should be passed through by proxies even they might have significance to the proxy itself.
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