a. why is the pairwise comparison used in the Analytic Hierarcvhy Process(AHP) a
ID: 3730501 • Letter: A
Question
a. why is the pairwise comparison used in the Analytic Hierarcvhy Process(AHP) a good idea? explain briefly
b. Consider the following requirement "the web page shall be user friendly". which characteristics of a good requirement does the above requirement violate the most? (The characteristic are correcct, complete in and of itself, Clear and Precise, consistent with other requirements, verifiable and traceable)
c. differences and similarities between systems engineering and traditional engineering?
Explanation / Answer
a. The AHP Pairwise Comparison Model provides an effective solution when faced with MCDM. It
has the advantages that it is easy to use, has a robust mathematical foundation, is transparent (as
the results are directly linked to the relative ratings) and allows for the rankings to be done by a
team of specialists as is typically required in MCDM scenarios, involving a different specialist or
team of specialists per criterion. In addition, it allows for a sensitivity analysis in terms of the
relative priorities, by adjusting ranking values, especially if a spreadsheet or commercially available
AHP software package is used for the calculations.
b. This answer can be understood by below explanations
It should be noted that this model, as with many other MCDM models, is used to rate the relative
importance or ranking rather than the absolute importance or ranking, as engineers and scientists
often have to base decisions on incomplete information, rather than totally quantifiable information.
This implies that the model should be able to tolerate a degree of inaccuracy (as a result of the
level of detail of the base information) with regard to the rating, which is true for this model.
(Triantaphyllou and Mann (1995)). The numerical values of the results should not be interpreted
directly, other than for the purposes of indicating relative importance. In addition, this model allows
for the testing or confirmation of the consistency of the rating. The calculations to test the
consistency of the rating are discussed and explained, but not shown in the numerical example.
The model yields acceptable results based on rating consistencies less then 0.10 (or 10%),
effectively allowing for this degree of inconsistency in the rating itself.
c- Difference and similarity can be understood by below points for each other.
Systems engineering
is an interdisciplinary field of engineering and engineering management that focuses on how to design and manage complex systems over
their life cycles. At its core, systems engineering utilizes systems thinking principles to organize this body of knowledge. Issues such as requirements
engineering, reliability, logistics, coordination of different teams, testing and evaluation, maintainability and many other disciplines necessary for
successful system development, design, implementation, and ultimate decommission become more difficult when dealing with large or complex projects.
Systems engineering deals with work-processes, optimization methods, and risk management tools in such projects. It overlaps technical and human-centered
disciplines such as industrial engineering, mechanical engineering, manufacturing engineering, control engineering, software engineering, electrical engineering,
cybernetics, organizational studies and project management. Systems engineering ensures that all likely aspects of a project or system are considered,
and integrated into a whole.
The systems engineering process is a discovery process that is quite unlike a manufacturing process. A manufacturing process is focused on repetitive activities
that achieve high quality outputs with minimum cost and time. The systems engineering process must begin by discovering the real problems that need to be resolved
, and identify the most probable or highest impact failures that can occur – systems engineering involves finding solutions to these problems.
Traditional engineering,
also known as sequential engineering, is the process of marketing, engineering design, manufacturing, testing and production where
each stage of the development process is carried out separately, and the next stage cannot start until the previous stage is finished. Therefore,
the information flow is only in one direction, and it is not until the end of the chain that errors, changes and corrections can be relayed to the start
of the sequence, causing estimated costs to be under predicted.
This can cause many problems; such as time consumption due to many modifications being made as each stage does not take into account the next.
This method is hardly used today[citation needed], as the concept of concurrent engineering is more efficient.
Traditional engineering is also known as over the wall engineering as each stage blindly throws the development to the next stage over the wall
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