9. What is the purpose of an IP address mask? Suppose an IP address is identifie

Question

9. What is the purpose of an IP address mask? Suppose an IP address is identified as 222.44.66.88/24. What is the network address in this case? What is the host address? How many hosts can this network address support? Repeat this exercise for the IP address 200.40.60.80/26.

10. Explain the concept of a DHCP lease. How is it obtained? How is it used? What does it provide?

11. Explain the operation of the Address Resolution Protocol.

12. Explain the relationship between corresponding layers at the source and destination nodes of a TCP/IP communication connection.

Explanation / Answer

(9)

Purpose of an IP address mask:

A subnet mask characterizes the IP addresses that can exist inside a particular subnet, such as LAN. It has a comparable appearance to an IP address, but it "masks" the network portion of the IP address. The values in the subnet mask useful to recognize number of hosts that can exist on the subnet.

(i) Given IP Address 222.44.66.88/24

Address: 222.44.66.88

Binary representation: 11011110 . 00101100 . 01000010 . 01011000

Netmask: 255.255.255.0 = 24

Binary representation: 11111111 . 11111111 . 11111111 . 00000000

Bit wise AND of IP adress and subnet mask gives Network address

Network Address : 222.44.66.0/24

Binary representation: 11011110 . 00101100 . 01000010 . 00000000 (Class C)

Broadcast Address: 222.44.66.255

Binary representation: 11011110 . 00101100 . 01000010 . 11111111

HostMin : 222.44.66.1

Binary representation: 11011110 . 00101100 . 01000010 . 00000001

HostMax : 222.44.66.254

Binary representation:11011110 . 00101100 . 01000010 . 11111110

(II) Given IP Address 200.40.60.80/26

IP Address : 200.40.60.80

Binary representation: 11001000 . 00101000 . 00111100 . 01 010000

Network mask: 255.255.255.192 = 26

Binary representation: 11111111 . 11111111 . 11111111 . 11 000000

BIT wise AND of IP address and subnet mask gives netwotk address

Network : 200.40.60.64/26

Binary representation: 11001000.00101000.00111100.01 000000 (Class C)

Broadcast: 200.40.60.127

Binary representation: 11001000 . 00101000 . 00111100. 01 111111

HostMin : 200.40.60.65

Binary representation: 11001000 . 00101000 . 00111100 . 01 000001

HostMax : 200.40.60.126

Binary representation: 11001000 . 00101000 . 00111100 . 01 111110

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