[1] What are the 9 essential tasks of system administrator? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

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Question

[1] What are the 9 essential tasks of system administrator?

[2] User Account:

1. Write a command that creates following user account with expiration date June 12, 2011.

[root@server ~]# finger jsmith

Directory: /u/mgmt/jsmith Shell: /bin/bash

Never logged in.

No mail.

No Plan.

2. Write a command that delete above user including user directory?

3. How to disable above user account?

4. How to set user account expiration date?

5. How to create a user group?

[3] What are the 6 steps in booting process? Explain each process.

Explanation:

[4] How to install software?

1. Using tar file:

2. Using rpm file:

3. Using yum:

[5] How to create user “jtayler” with sudo privileges so that jtayler can use super-user commands with “sudo” without supplying password?

[6] What is the purpose of DNS and Explain how DNS works?

Purpose of DNS:

How DNS works:

If your DNS clients resolve FQDN(Fully Qualified Domain Name: beehive.csusbcoyote.net), but it does not resolve the short name(beehive). How to fix this problem?

(Specify which configuration file need to be changed and how and on which machine.)

[root@beehive ~]# nslookup beehive.csusbcoyote.net

Server: 172.16.1.2

Address: 172.16.1.2#53

Name: beehive.cse.csusb.edu

Address: 172.16.1.5

[root@beehive ~]# nslookup beehive

Server: 172.16.1.2

Address: 172.16.1.2#53

** Server can't find beehive3: NXDOMAIN

File Name:

The content needed to be added to the file:

Which port DNS use to resolve the DNS query?

Compare following commands:

nslookup

dig

host

Show the procedure for adding a DNS entry for following DNS forward lookup file.

(Please add acme.csusbcoyote.net with IP Address 172.16.1.6)

$TTL 86400

@ IN SOA localhost. root.localhost. (

2016032401 ; Serial

28800 ; Refresh

14400 ; Retry

3600000 ; Expire

86400) ; Minimum

@ IN NS localhost.

1 IN PTR fwall.csusbcoyote.net.

2 IN PTR ns.csusbcoyote.net.

3 IN PTR mail.csusbcoyote.net.

4 IN PTR www.csusbcoyote.net.

5 IN PTR beehive.csusbcoyote.net.

[7] What is the purpose of DHCP and explain how it works?

Purpose of DHCP:

How DHCP works:

Convert following /etc/dhcpd.conf file to first come first server based DHCP Server.

IP range: 172.16.1.0/24

Domain Name: csusbcoyote.net

DNS: 172.16.1.2

Gateway: 172.16.1.1

Time Zone: PST

# DHCP Server Configuration file.

ddns-update-style interim;

ignore client-updates;

subnet 139.182.148.0 netmask 255.255.254.0 {

option routers 139.182.148.1;

option subnet-mask 255.255.254.0;

option domain-name "cse.csusb.edu";

option domain-name-servers 139.182.2.1;

option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time

default-lease-time 21600;

max-lease-time 43200;

host lin {

hardware ethernet 00:06:5B:90:E3:01;

fixed-address 172.16.1.100;

}

host win {

hardware ethernet 00:06:5B:90:E3:02;

fixed-address 172.16.1.101;

}

What are the advantages of DHCP and especially when you imaging a computer lab?

[8] LAMP Server questions:

What is purpose of LAMP Server?

What are TLS and SSL?

What are the advantages of using SSL on web?

How to generate private key and certificate without using genkey tool?

How to send an email from your website without setting up the email server on your server?

How to setup Name based Virtual Host for following sites?

http://www.cody.net

http://www.acme.net

http://www.silicon.net

How to create and delete mysql database users?

How to create and delete mysql database?

How to backup and restore mysql database?

[9] Create Primary DNS server and Secondary DNS server that primary DNS replicate the secondary DNS with following scenario:

Scenario:

Domain name: csusbcoyote.net

IP Address Range:

172.16.0.0/24

172.16.1.0/24

172.16.2.0/24

172.16.3.0/24

Host Names:

HOSTNAME

IP Address

adrian.csusbcoyote.net

172.16.1.1

fwall.csusbcoyote.net

172.16.1.1

ns.csusbcoyote.net

172.16.1.2

ns2.csusbcoyote.net

172.16.1.3

www.csusbcoyote.net

172.16.1.4

sam. csusbcoyote.net

172.16.1.5

lin.csusbcoyote.net

172.16.1.100

win.csusbcoyote.net

172.16.1.101

blaze.csusbcoyote.net

172.16.2.1

silicon.csusbcoyote.net

172.16.3.1

baker.csusbcoyote.net

172.16.3.2

zzyzx.csusbcoyote.net

172.16.3.100

Write detailed instructions to setup primary and secondary DNS servers with above scenario (step by step).

[10] What following commands do?

sudo chage –m 2 –M 90 –E 2012-03-20 –W 7 ken

2.nmap –O –sV localhost

3.ps –aux

4.kill -9 5326

5.ln –s /var/www/html web

6.chmod 1777 /tmp (show permission: example: drwxr_xr_x )

7.fsck –y /dev/sda3

8.iptables - -line-numbers -L

9.iptables -D RH-Firewall-INPUT 3

iptables -R RH-Firewall-INPUT 6 –s 172.16.1.0/24 –p - -dport 22 –j ACCEPT

[11] What is DHCP?

-How DHCP works?

-What DHCP reservation?

[12] Why Virtualization is so important for systems administration?

[13] How to make sudo user? (Show step by step)

[14] What is LAMP stack?

[15] What are the differences between HTTP and HTTPS?

[16] How to create user account in MySQL and how to assign a database to the user?

[17] How to back up the entire MySQL databases?

[18] How to monitor your servers?

[19] Why backup is so important in systems administration?

[20] What did you learn from this class that you are most confident about?

172.16.0.0/24

172.16.1.0/24

172.16.2.0/24

172.16.3.0/24

Explanation / Answer

[15] What are the differences between HTTP and HTTPS

Ans:

A website is very essential to conduct ecommerce. The success or failure of ecommerce to a greater extend is determined by the setting up of a suitable website and its promotion to attract customers from all over the world. A website is similar to storefront. In ecommerce context, it can be called as virtual storefront where cyber customers visit. A website is basically a series of pages with links to other pages or other sites. The pages contain text, banners, graphics and sometimes audio and video. Web pages are accessed and transported with the hypertext Transfer Protocol [HTTP], which may optionally employ encryption [HTTP Secure, HTTPS] to provide security and privacy for the user of the web page content. The user’s application, often a web browser, renders the page content according to its HTML markup instructions onto a display terminal. All publicly accessible websites collectively constitute the World Wide Web. The pages of a website can usually be accessed from a simple Uniform Resource Locater called the homepage. The URLs of the pages organize them into a hierarchy, although hyper linking between them conveys the reader’s perceived site structure and guides the readers’ navigation of the site. Some website requires a subscription to access some or all of their content. Eg. Academic journal sites, gaming sites social networking sites etc. The World Wide Web [WWW] was created in 1989 by CERN physicist Tim Berners Lee. On 30th April 1993, CERN announced that the World Wide Web would be free to use for anyone.

If you click to check out an online Shopping, Suddenly your browser address bar says HTTPS instead of HTTP. What's going on? Is your credit card information safe?

Good news. Your information is safe. The website you are working with has made sure that no one can steal your information.Instead of HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP), this website uses HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS).Using HTTPS, the computers agree on a "code" between them, and then they scramble the messages using that "code" so that no one in between can read them. This keeps your information safe from hackers. They use the "code" on a Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), sometimes called Transport Layer Security (TLS) to send the information back and forth.

DifferDiffence between HTTP and HTTPS

1) In case of HTTP URL begins with “HTTP://” and for HTTPS connection it is “HTTPS://”

2) HTTP is unsecured on other hand HTTPS is secured.

3) HTTP uses port 80 for communication unlike HTTPS which uses port 443

4) No certificates required for validation in case of HTTP. HTTPS requires SSL Digital Certificate

5) No encryption in HTTP; Data encrypted before sending and receiving in HTTPS.

Hope this has cleared the difference between HTTP and HTTPS. If you have any questions or observations to make, please do comment.

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[1] What are the 9 essential tasks of system administrator? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

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