Question No. 2 Give two major changes made in SNMP V2 related to minimizing the

Question

Question No. 2

Give two major changes made in SNMP V2 related to minimizing the data exchanged between agents and manager and standardized products.                                                                                      [1 mark]

Question No. 3

Differentiate between authentication and authorization in SNMPv3                                         [2 mark]

Question No. 4

What are the components of RMON?                                                                                                                 [1 mark]

Explanation / Answer

Q2.

SNMPv2 changes include the introduction of the following two new message types:

GetBulk message type: Used for retrieving large amounts of data, such as tables. This message reduces repetitive requests and replies, thereby improving performance.
InformRequest: Used to alert the SNMP manager of a specific condition. Unlike unacknowledged trap messages, InformRequest messages are acknowledged. A managed device sends an InformRequest to the NMS; the NMS acknowledges the receipt of the message by sending a Response message back to the managed device.
Another improvement of SNMPv2 over SNMPv1 is the addition of new data types with 64-bit counters because 32-bit counters were quickly overflowed by fast network interfaces.

Q3.

SNMPv3 introduces advanced security which splits the authentication and the authorization into two pieces:

The USM is the default Security Module (and the only one we currently support). The U stands for User-based, as it is contains a list of users and their attributes. The USM is described by RFC 2574.
The VACM is the Version-based Access Control Module and controls which users (and SNMPv1/v2c communities as well) are allowed to access and how they can access sections of the MIB tree. The VACM is described by RFC 2575.

SNMPv3 introduces the following three security levels:

NoAuthNoPriv: Without authentication and without privacy (encryption).
AuthNoPriv: With authentication but without privacy. Authentication is based on Hash-Based Message Authentication Code-Message Digest 5 or HMAC-Secure Hash Algorithm algorithms.
AuthPriv: With authentication as described earlier and privacy using the 56-bit Cipher-Block Chaining-Data Encryption Standard encryption standard.

Q4.

RMON Probe
Data gatherer - a physical device
Data analyzer
Processor that analyzes data

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