Q Answer the following questions: i. If we can extend theLAN then why we need aW

Question

Q Answer the following questions:

i.        If we can extend theLAN then why we need aWAN?                         [3]

ii.      How can a bridge know whether toforwardframes?                             [2]

iii.    Can the length of an Ethernet be increasedto many segments of 500 meter each merely by adding a repeater toconnect each additional segment?     [2]

iv.    How can a computer attach to a network thatsends and receives bits faster than the computer’s CPU canhandle them?                                           [3]

Explanation / Answer

Generally we extend LANs (Local Are Networks) using repeaters.But the maximum number of repeaters that can be used is limited bythe Ethernet standard to be four.
In Ethernet LAN, the maximum length of the segment is fixed and the maximum number of nodes in a segment is also fixed for theparticular type of Ethernet LAN.
Therefore we cannot indefinitely extend LANs..so we need WAN

ii.      How can a bridge knowwhether to forward frames?

The bridge uses the MAC address in the frame for forwarding. Itonly forwards the frame from one segment to another segment if itis necessary. The bridges will come to know where to send the frameby learning using the source addresses of the frames.

iii.    Can the length of an Ethernet beincreased to many segments of 500 meter each merely by adding arepeater to connect each additional segment?

The Ethernet standards have limited the maximum number ofrepeaters to be used to four.
SO there can only be five segments each with a maximum length of500m therefore overall length is 2500 meters.
So the length of the Ethernet cannot be increased to many segmentsof 500 meters each by merely adding a repeater to connect eachsegment.

iv.    How can a computer attach to anetwork that sends and receives bits faster than thecomputer’s CPU can handle them?

The data to be sent will be placed in buffer (some space) beforeand then the data will be transmitted. The data may be present inthe buffer till the sender gets an acknowledgement from thereceiver saying that the data has been received (like in TCP).

Similarly the data will be received into a buffer first...afterthat the data from the buffer will be forwarded to CPU forfurther processing etc

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