4. (a) The MOD number of a counter is equal to the number of complete states tha

Question

4. (a) The MOD number of a counter is equal to the number of complete states that a counter goes through before it recycles back to its starting state. To construct a ripple counter with a MOD number X, it requires a minimum number of N FFs such that 2N X. What is the maximum MOD # of a counter constructed with 6 flip-flops? (b) Counters with a MOD number larger than 16 can be created by cascading 4-bit binary counters. The MOD number is equal to the product of the individual MOD numbers. For example, a MOD 80 counter can be implemented as shown in the following figure (general block diagram, all of the wiring is not shown). What is the largest MOD counter that can be implemented by cascading two 4-bit binary counters together?

Explanation / Answer

Answer 4 (a) :

MOD number counter is genrally represent the state that is euqal to number of complete states.

Here we can go with 2n flip flip needed to build MOD counter.

for example ,

22 = 4 possible states. that is called MOD-4 counter.

24 = 16 possible states that is called MOD-16 counter.

in that way,

26 = 64 possible states that is called MOD-64 counter constructed with 6 flip-flops.

The highest number this counter can count is 2n - 1 = 26 - 1 = 64 - 1 = 63.

(b) for this part general block diagram is missing.

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